A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 702 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £590, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 561 kWh | 842 kWh | £152 | £84 | £236 | £4,069 | 17.2 yrs | £653 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 842 kWh | 1263 kWh | £228 | £126 | £354 | £6,104 | 17.2 yrs | £980 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 1123 kWh | 1684 kWh | £304 | £168 | £472 | £8,138 | 17.2 yrs | £1,307 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 1404 kWh | 2105 kWh | £380 | £211 | £590 | £10,173 | 17.2 yrs | £1,634 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 1684 kWh | 2526 kWh | £456 | £253 | £708 | £12,207 | 17.2 yrs | £1,960 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 1965 kWh | 2947 kWh | £532 | £295 | £826 | £14,242 | 17.2 yrs | £2,287 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 2246 kWh | 3368 kWh | £608 | £337 | £944 | £16,276 | 17.2 yrs | £2,614 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £710, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 842 kWh | 561 kWh | £228 | £56 | £284 | £6,169 | 21.7 yrs | £-489 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 1263 kWh | 842 kWh | £342 | £84 | £426 | £8,204 | 19.3 yrs | £317 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 1684 kWh | 1123 kWh | £456 | £112 | £568 | £10,238 | 18.0 yrs | £1,122 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 2105 kWh | 1404 kWh | £570 | £140 | £710 | £12,273 | 17.3 yrs | £1,928 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 2526 kWh | 1684 kWh | £684 | £168 | £852 | £14,307 | 16.8 yrs | £2,734 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 2947 kWh | 1965 kWh | £798 | £196 | £994 | £16,342 | 16.4 yrs | £3,539 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 3368 kWh | 2246 kWh | £911 | £225 | £1,136 | £18,376 | 16.2 yrs | £4,345 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £770, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 982 kWh | 421 kWh | £266 | £42 | £308 | £7,569 | 24.6 yrs | £-1,410 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 1474 kWh | 632 kWh | £399 | £63 | £462 | £9,604 | 20.8 yrs | £-365 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 1965 kWh | 842 kWh | £532 | £84 | £616 | £11,638 | 18.9 yrs | £680 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 2456 kWh | 1053 kWh | £665 | £105 | £770 | £13,673 | 17.8 yrs | £1,725 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 2947 kWh | 1263 kWh | £798 | £126 | £924 | £15,707 | 17.0 yrs | £2,770 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 3439 kWh | 1474 kWh | £930 | £147 | £1,078 | £17,742 | 16.5 yrs | £3,815 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 3930 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,063 | £168 | £1,232 | £19,776 | 16.1 yrs | £4,860 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £788, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 1025 kWh | 379 kWh | £277 | £38 | £315 | £9,319 | 29.6 yrs | £-3,016 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 1537 kWh | 568 kWh | £416 | £57 | £473 | £11,354 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,899 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 2049 kWh | 758 kWh | £554 | £76 | £630 | £13,388 | 21.2 yrs | £-782 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 2561 kWh | 947 kWh | £693 | £95 | £788 | £15,423 | 19.6 yrs | £334 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 3074 kWh | 1137 kWh | £832 | £114 | £945 | £17,457 | 18.5 yrs | £1,451 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 3586 kWh | 1326 kWh | £970 | £133 | £1,103 | £19,492 | 17.7 yrs | £2,568 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 4098 kWh | 1516 kWh | £1,109 | £152 | £1,261 | £21,526 | 17.1 yrs | £3,685 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 1053 kWh | 351 kWh | £285 | £35 | £320 | £11,069 | 34.6 yrs | £-4,670 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 1579 kWh | 526 kWh | £427 | £53 | £480 | £13,104 | 27.3 yrs | £-3,506 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 2105 kWh | 702 kWh | £570 | £70 | £640 | £15,138 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,341 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 2632 kWh | 877 kWh | £712 | £88 | £800 | £17,173 | 21.5 yrs | £-1,176 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 3158 kWh | 1053 kWh | £855 | £105 | £960 | £19,207 | 20.0 yrs | £-11 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 3684 kWh | 1228 kWh | £997 | £123 | £1,120 | £21,242 | 19.0 yrs | £1,153 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 4210 kWh | 1404 kWh | £1,139 | £140 | £1,280 | £23,276 | 18.2 yrs | £2,318 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £812, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 24.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1404 kWh | 1081 kWh | 323 kWh | £292 | £32 | £325 | £13,519 | 41.6 yrs | £-7,025 |
| 3 kW | 2105 kWh | 1621 kWh | 484 kWh | £439 | £48 | £487 | £15,554 | 31.9 yrs | £-5,812 |
| 4 kW | 2807 kWh | 2161 kWh | 646 kWh | £585 | £65 | £649 | £17,588 | 27.1 yrs | £-4,599 |
| 5 kW | 3509 kWh | 2702 kWh | 807 kWh | £731 | £81 | £812 | £19,623 | 24.2 yrs | £-3,387 |
| 6 kW | 4210 kWh | 3242 kWh | 968 kWh | £877 | £97 | £974 | £21,657 | 22.2 yrs | £-2,174 |
| 7 kW | 4912 kWh | 3782 kWh | 1130 kWh | £1,024 | £113 | £1,137 | £23,692 | 20.8 yrs | £-961 |
| 8 kW | 5614 kWh | 4323 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,170 | £129 | £1,299 | £25,726 | 19.8 yrs | £251 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.