A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 712 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £599, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 569 kWh | 854 kWh | £154 | £85 | £239 | £4,069 | 17.0 yrs | £721 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 854 kWh | 1281 kWh | £231 | £128 | £359 | £6,104 | 17.0 yrs | £1,081 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 1139 kWh | 1708 kWh | £308 | £171 | £479 | £8,138 | 17.0 yrs | £1,441 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 1423 kWh | 2135 kWh | £385 | £214 | £599 | £10,173 | 17.0 yrs | £1,801 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 1708 kWh | 2562 kWh | £462 | £256 | £718 | £12,207 | 17.0 yrs | £2,162 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 1993 kWh | 2989 kWh | £539 | £299 | £838 | £14,242 | 17.0 yrs | £2,522 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 2278 kWh | 3416 kWh | £616 | £342 | £958 | £16,276 | 17.0 yrs | £2,882 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £720, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 854 kWh | 569 kWh | £231 | £57 | £288 | £6,169 | 21.4 yrs | £-408 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 1281 kWh | 854 kWh | £347 | £85 | £432 | £8,204 | 19.0 yrs | £438 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 1708 kWh | 1139 kWh | £462 | £114 | £576 | £10,238 | 17.8 yrs | £1,284 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 2135 kWh | 1423 kWh | £578 | £142 | £720 | £12,273 | 17.0 yrs | £2,130 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 2562 kWh | 1708 kWh | £693 | £171 | £864 | £14,307 | 16.6 yrs | £2,976 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 2989 kWh | 1993 kWh | £809 | £199 | £1,008 | £16,342 | 16.2 yrs | £3,822 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 3416 kWh | 2278 kWh | £924 | £228 | £1,152 | £18,376 | 15.9 yrs | £4,668 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £781, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 996 kWh | 427 kWh | £270 | £43 | £312 | £7,569 | 24.2 yrs | £-1,322 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 1495 kWh | 641 kWh | £404 | £64 | £468 | £9,604 | 20.5 yrs | £-234 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 1993 kWh | 854 kWh | £539 | £85 | £625 | £11,638 | 18.6 yrs | £855 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 2491 kWh | 1068 kWh | £674 | £107 | £781 | £13,673 | 17.5 yrs | £1,944 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 2989 kWh | 1281 kWh | £809 | £128 | £937 | £15,707 | 16.8 yrs | £3,033 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 3487 kWh | 1495 kWh | £944 | £149 | £1,093 | £17,742 | 16.2 yrs | £4,122 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 3986 kWh | 1708 kWh | £1,079 | £171 | £1,249 | £19,776 | 15.8 yrs | £5,210 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £799, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 1039 kWh | 384 kWh | £281 | £38 | £320 | £9,319 | 29.2 yrs | £-2,927 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 1559 kWh | 576 kWh | £422 | £58 | £479 | £11,354 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,765 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 2078 kWh | 769 kWh | £562 | £77 | £639 | £13,388 | 20.9 yrs | £-603 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 2598 kWh | 961 kWh | £703 | £96 | £799 | £15,423 | 19.3 yrs | £558 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 3117 kWh | 1153 kWh | £844 | £115 | £959 | £17,457 | 18.2 yrs | £1,720 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 3637 kWh | 1345 kWh | £984 | £135 | £1,119 | £19,492 | 17.4 yrs | £2,882 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 4156 kWh | 1537 kWh | £1,125 | £154 | £1,278 | £21,526 | 16.8 yrs | £4,043 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £811, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 1068 kWh | 356 kWh | £289 | £36 | £324 | £11,069 | 34.1 yrs | £-4,580 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 1601 kWh | 534 kWh | £433 | £53 | £487 | £13,104 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,369 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 2135 kWh | 712 kWh | £578 | £71 | £649 | £15,138 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,159 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 2669 kWh | 890 kWh | £722 | £89 | £811 | £17,173 | 21.2 yrs | £-949 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 3203 kWh | 1068 kWh | £867 | £107 | £973 | £19,207 | 19.7 yrs | £261 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 3737 kWh | 1246 kWh | £1,011 | £125 | £1,136 | £21,242 | 18.7 yrs | £1,472 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1423 kWh | £1,156 | £142 | £1,298 | £23,276 | 17.9 yrs | £2,682 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £823, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1423 kWh | 1096 kWh | 327 kWh | £297 | £33 | £329 | £13,519 | 41.1 yrs | £-6,932 |
| 3 kW | 2135 kWh | 1644 kWh | 491 kWh | £445 | £49 | £494 | £15,554 | 31.5 yrs | £-5,674 |
| 4 kW | 2847 kWh | 2192 kWh | 655 kWh | £593 | £65 | £659 | £17,588 | 26.7 yrs | £-4,415 |
| 5 kW | 3559 kWh | 2740 kWh | 818 kWh | £741 | £82 | £823 | £19,623 | 23.8 yrs | £-3,156 |
| 6 kW | 4270 kWh | 3288 kWh | 982 kWh | £890 | £98 | £988 | £21,657 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,897 |
| 7 kW | 4982 kWh | 3836 kWh | 1146 kWh | £1,038 | £115 | £1,153 | £23,692 | 20.6 yrs | £-638 |
| 8 kW | 5694 kWh | 4384 kWh | 1310 kWh | £1,186 | £131 | £1,317 | £25,726 | 19.5 yrs | £620 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.