A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 717 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £603, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 573 kWh | 860 kWh | £155 | £86 | £241 | £4,069 | 16.9 yrs | £753 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 860 kWh | 1290 kWh | £233 | £129 | £362 | £6,104 | 16.9 yrs | £1,130 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 1146 kWh | 1720 kWh | £310 | £172 | £482 | £8,138 | 16.9 yrs | £1,506 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 1433 kWh | 2150 kWh | £388 | £215 | £603 | £10,173 | 16.9 yrs | £1,883 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 1720 kWh | 2580 kWh | £465 | £258 | £723 | £12,207 | 16.9 yrs | £2,259 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 2006 kWh | 3010 kWh | £543 | £301 | £844 | £14,242 | 16.9 yrs | £2,636 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 2293 kWh | 3439 kWh | £620 | £344 | £964 | £16,276 | 16.9 yrs | £3,012 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £725, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 860 kWh | 573 kWh | £233 | £57 | £290 | £6,169 | 21.3 yrs | £-369 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 1290 kWh | 860 kWh | £349 | £86 | £435 | £8,204 | 18.9 yrs | £497 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 1720 kWh | 1146 kWh | £465 | £115 | £580 | £10,238 | 17.7 yrs | £1,362 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 2150 kWh | 1433 kWh | £582 | £143 | £725 | £12,273 | 16.9 yrs | £2,228 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 2580 kWh | 1720 kWh | £698 | £172 | £870 | £14,307 | 16.4 yrs | £3,093 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 3010 kWh | 2006 kWh | £814 | £201 | £1,015 | £16,342 | 16.1 yrs | £3,959 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 3439 kWh | 2293 kWh | £931 | £229 | £1,160 | £18,376 | 15.8 yrs | £4,824 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £786, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 1003 kWh | 430 kWh | £271 | £43 | £314 | £7,569 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,280 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 1505 kWh | 645 kWh | £407 | £64 | £472 | £9,604 | 20.4 yrs | £-170 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 2006 kWh | 860 kWh | £543 | £86 | £629 | £11,638 | 18.5 yrs | £940 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 2508 kWh | 1075 kWh | £679 | £107 | £786 | £13,673 | 17.4 yrs | £2,050 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 3010 kWh | 1290 kWh | £814 | £129 | £943 | £15,707 | 16.7 yrs | £3,160 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 3511 kWh | 1505 kWh | £950 | £150 | £1,101 | £17,742 | 16.1 yrs | £4,270 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 4013 kWh | 1720 kWh | £1,086 | £172 | £1,258 | £19,776 | 15.7 yrs | £5,380 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £804, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 1046 kWh | 387 kWh | £283 | £39 | £322 | £9,319 | 29.0 yrs | £-2,883 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 1569 kWh | 580 kWh | £425 | £58 | £483 | £11,354 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,700 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 2092 kWh | 774 kWh | £566 | £77 | £644 | £13,388 | 20.8 yrs | £-517 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 2615 kWh | 967 kWh | £708 | £97 | £804 | £15,423 | 19.2 yrs | £667 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 3138 kWh | 1161 kWh | £849 | £116 | £965 | £17,457 | 18.1 yrs | £1,850 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 3662 kWh | 1354 kWh | £991 | £135 | £1,126 | £19,492 | 17.3 yrs | £3,033 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 4185 kWh | 1548 kWh | £1,132 | £155 | £1,287 | £21,526 | 16.7 yrs | £4,217 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £817, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 1075 kWh | 358 kWh | £291 | £36 | £327 | £11,069 | 33.9 yrs | £-4,536 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 1612 kWh | 537 kWh | £436 | £54 | £490 | £13,104 | 26.7 yrs | £-3,303 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 2150 kWh | 717 kWh | £582 | £72 | £653 | £15,138 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,071 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 2687 kWh | 896 kWh | £727 | £90 | £817 | £17,173 | 21.0 yrs | £-839 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 3224 kWh | 1075 kWh | £873 | £107 | £980 | £19,207 | 19.6 yrs | £393 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 3762 kWh | 1254 kWh | £1,018 | £125 | £1,143 | £21,242 | 18.6 yrs | £1,626 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 4299 kWh | 1433 kWh | £1,163 | £143 | £1,307 | £23,276 | 17.8 yrs | £2,858 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £829, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1433 kWh | 1103 kWh | 330 kWh | £299 | £33 | £332 | £13,519 | 40.8 yrs | £-6,888 |
| 3 kW | 2150 kWh | 1655 kWh | 494 kWh | £448 | £49 | £497 | £15,554 | 31.3 yrs | £-5,607 |
| 4 kW | 2866 kWh | 2207 kWh | 659 kWh | £597 | £66 | £663 | £17,588 | 26.5 yrs | £-4,325 |
| 5 kW | 3583 kWh | 2759 kWh | 824 kWh | £747 | £82 | £829 | £19,623 | 23.7 yrs | £-3,044 |
| 6 kW | 4299 kWh | 3310 kWh | 989 kWh | £896 | £99 | £995 | £21,657 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,763 |
| 7 kW | 5016 kWh | 3862 kWh | 1154 kWh | £1,045 | £115 | £1,160 | £23,692 | 20.4 yrs | £-482 |
| 8 kW | 5732 kWh | 4414 kWh | 1318 kWh | £1,194 | £132 | £1,326 | £25,726 | 19.4 yrs | £799 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.