A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 809 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £681, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 647 kWh | 971 kWh | £175 | £97 | £272 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,378 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 971 kWh | 1457 kWh | £263 | £146 | £409 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,067 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 1295 kWh | 1942 kWh | £350 | £194 | £545 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,755 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 1619 kWh | 2428 kWh | £438 | £243 | £681 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,444 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 1942 kWh | 2914 kWh | £526 | £291 | £817 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,133 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 2266 kWh | 3399 kWh | £613 | £340 | £953 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,822 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 2590 kWh | 3885 kWh | £701 | £388 | £1,089 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,511 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 971 kWh | 647 kWh | £263 | £65 | £328 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £382 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 1457 kWh | 971 kWh | £394 | £97 | £491 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,624 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 1942 kWh | 1295 kWh | £526 | £129 | £655 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,865 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 2428 kWh | 1619 kWh | £657 | £162 | £819 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,106 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 2914 kWh | 1942 kWh | £788 | £194 | £983 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,347 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 3399 kWh | 2266 kWh | £920 | £227 | £1,146 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,588 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 3885 kWh | 2590 kWh | £1,051 | £259 | £1,310 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1133 kWh | 486 kWh | £307 | £49 | £355 | £7,569 | 21.3 yrs | £-465 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 1700 kWh | 728 kWh | £460 | £73 | £533 | £9,604 | 18.0 yrs | £1,052 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 2266 kWh | 971 kWh | £613 | £97 | £710 | £11,638 | 16.4 yrs | £2,569 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 2833 kWh | 1214 kWh | £767 | £121 | £888 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,087 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 3399 kWh | 1457 kWh | £920 | £146 | £1,066 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,604 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 3966 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,073 | £170 | £1,243 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,121 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 4532 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,226 | £194 | £1,421 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,639 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £909, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1182 kWh | 437 kWh | £320 | £44 | £363 | £9,319 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,050 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 1773 kWh | 656 kWh | £480 | £66 | £545 | £11,354 | 20.8 yrs | £-449 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 2363 kWh | 874 kWh | £640 | £87 | £727 | £13,388 | 18.4 yrs | £1,151 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 2954 kWh | 1093 kWh | £799 | £109 | £909 | £15,423 | 17.0 yrs | £2,751 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 3545 kWh | 1311 kWh | £959 | £131 | £1,090 | £17,457 | 16.0 yrs | £4,351 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 4136 kWh | 1530 kWh | £1,119 | £153 | £1,272 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £5,951 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 4727 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,279 | £175 | £1,454 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,551 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £922, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1214 kWh | 405 kWh | £329 | £40 | £369 | £11,069 | 30.0 yrs | £-3,689 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 1821 kWh | 607 kWh | £493 | £61 | £553 | £13,104 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,034 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 2428 kWh | 809 kWh | £657 | £81 | £738 | £15,138 | 20.5 yrs | £-378 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 3035 kWh | 1012 kWh | £821 | £101 | £922 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,277 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 3642 kWh | 1214 kWh | £986 | £121 | £1,107 | £19,207 | 17.4 yrs | £2,932 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 4249 kWh | 1416 kWh | £1,150 | £142 | £1,291 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,588 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 4856 kWh | 1619 kWh | £1,314 | £162 | £1,476 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,243 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1246 kWh | 372 kWh | £337 | £37 | £375 | £13,519 | 36.1 yrs | £-6,029 |
| 3 kW | 2428 kWh | 1870 kWh | 558 kWh | £506 | £56 | £562 | £15,554 | 27.7 yrs | £-4,318 |
| 4 kW | 3237 kWh | 2493 kWh | 745 kWh | £675 | £74 | £749 | £17,588 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,607 |
| 5 kW | 4047 kWh | 3116 kWh | 931 kWh | £843 | £93 | £936 | £19,623 | 21.0 yrs | £-897 |
| 6 kW | 4856 kWh | 3739 kWh | 1117 kWh | £1,012 | £112 | £1,124 | £21,657 | 19.3 yrs | £814 |
| 7 kW | 5666 kWh | 4363 kWh | 1303 kWh | £1,180 | £130 | £1,311 | £23,692 | 18.1 yrs | £2,524 |
| 8 kW | 6475 kWh | 4986 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,349 | £149 | £1,498 | £25,726 | 17.2 yrs | £4,235 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.