A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 834 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £701, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 667 kWh | 1000 kWh | £180 | £100 | £280 | £4,069 | 14.5 yrs | £1,541 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1000 kWh | 1500 kWh | £271 | £150 | £421 | £6,104 | 14.5 yrs | £2,311 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 1334 kWh | 2001 kWh | £361 | £200 | £561 | £8,138 | 14.5 yrs | £3,081 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 1667 kWh | 2501 kWh | £451 | £250 | £701 | £10,173 | 14.5 yrs | £3,852 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 2001 kWh | 3001 kWh | £541 | £300 | £841 | £12,207 | 14.5 yrs | £4,622 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 2334 kWh | 3501 kWh | £632 | £350 | £982 | £14,242 | 14.5 yrs | £5,392 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 2667 kWh | 4001 kWh | £722 | £400 | £1,122 | £16,276 | 14.5 yrs | £6,163 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £843, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 1000 kWh | 667 kWh | £271 | £67 | £337 | £6,169 | 18.3 yrs | £578 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1500 kWh | 1000 kWh | £406 | £100 | £506 | £8,204 | 16.2 yrs | £1,918 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 2001 kWh | 1334 kWh | £541 | £133 | £675 | £10,238 | 15.2 yrs | £3,257 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 2501 kWh | 1667 kWh | £677 | £167 | £843 | £12,273 | 14.6 yrs | £4,596 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 3001 kWh | 2001 kWh | £812 | £200 | £1,012 | £14,307 | 14.1 yrs | £5,935 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 3501 kWh | 2334 kWh | £947 | £233 | £1,181 | £16,342 | 13.8 yrs | £7,274 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 4001 kWh | 2667 kWh | £1,083 | £267 | £1,349 | £18,376 | 13.6 yrs | £8,614 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 1167 kWh | 500 kWh | £316 | £50 | £366 | £7,569 | 20.7 yrs | £-253 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1751 kWh | 750 kWh | £474 | £75 | £549 | £9,604 | 17.5 yrs | £1,371 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 2334 kWh | 1000 kWh | £632 | £100 | £732 | £11,638 | 15.9 yrs | £2,994 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 2918 kWh | 1250 kWh | £789 | £125 | £915 | £13,673 | 15.0 yrs | £4,618 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 3501 kWh | 1500 kWh | £947 | £150 | £1,097 | £15,707 | 14.3 yrs | £6,242 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 4085 kWh | 1751 kWh | £1,105 | £175 | £1,280 | £17,742 | 13.9 yrs | £7,865 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 4668 kWh | 2001 kWh | £1,263 | £200 | £1,463 | £19,776 | 13.5 yrs | £9,489 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 1217 kWh | 450 kWh | £329 | £45 | £374 | £9,319 | 24.9 yrs | £-1,832 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1826 kWh | 675 kWh | £494 | £68 | £562 | £11,354 | 20.2 yrs | £-123 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 2434 kWh | 900 kWh | £659 | £90 | £749 | £13,388 | 17.9 yrs | £1,586 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 3043 kWh | 1125 kWh | £823 | £113 | £936 | £15,423 | 16.5 yrs | £3,295 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 3651 kWh | 1350 kWh | £988 | £135 | £1,123 | £17,457 | 15.5 yrs | £5,004 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 4260 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,153 | £158 | £1,310 | £19,492 | 14.9 yrs | £6,713 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 4868 kWh | 1801 kWh | £1,317 | £180 | £1,497 | £21,526 | 14.4 yrs | £8,422 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 1250 kWh | 417 kWh | £338 | £42 | £380 | £11,069 | 29.1 yrs | £-3,468 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1876 kWh | 625 kWh | £508 | £63 | £570 | £13,104 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,703 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 2501 kWh | 834 kWh | £677 | £83 | £760 | £15,138 | 19.9 yrs | £63 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 3126 kWh | 1042 kWh | £846 | £104 | £950 | £17,173 | 18.1 yrs | £1,829 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 3751 kWh | 1250 kWh | £1,015 | £125 | £1,140 | £19,207 | 16.8 yrs | £3,595 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 4376 kWh | 1459 kWh | £1,184 | £146 | £1,330 | £21,242 | 16.0 yrs | £5,361 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 5002 kWh | 1667 kWh | £1,353 | £167 | £1,520 | £23,276 | 15.3 yrs | £7,127 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £964, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1667 kWh | 1284 kWh | 383 kWh | £347 | £38 | £386 | £13,519 | 35.0 yrs | £-5,805 |
| 3 kW | 2501 kWh | 1926 kWh | 575 kWh | £521 | £58 | £579 | £15,554 | 26.9 yrs | £-3,982 |
| 4 kW | 3334 kWh | 2567 kWh | 767 kWh | £695 | £77 | £771 | £17,588 | 22.8 yrs | £-2,159 |
| 5 kW | 4168 kWh | 3209 kWh | 959 kWh | £868 | £96 | £964 | £19,623 | 20.3 yrs | £-336 |
| 6 kW | 5002 kWh | 3851 kWh | 1150 kWh | £1,042 | £115 | £1,157 | £21,657 | 18.7 yrs | £1,486 |
| 7 kW | 5835 kWh | 4493 kWh | 1342 kWh | £1,216 | £134 | £1,350 | £23,692 | 17.5 yrs | £3,309 |
| 8 kW | 6669 kWh | 5135 kWh | 1534 kWh | £1,390 | £153 | £1,543 | £25,726 | 16.7 yrs | £5,132 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.