A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 802 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £675, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 642 kWh | 962 kWh | £174 | £96 | £270 | £4,069 | 15.1 yrs | £1,328 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 962 kWh | 1443 kWh | £260 | £144 | £405 | £6,104 | 15.1 yrs | £1,991 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 1283 kWh | 1925 kWh | £347 | £192 | £540 | £8,138 | 15.1 yrs | £2,655 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 1604 kWh | 2406 kWh | £434 | £241 | £675 | £10,173 | 15.1 yrs | £3,319 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 1925 kWh | 2887 kWh | £521 | £289 | £810 | £12,207 | 15.1 yrs | £3,983 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 2245 kWh | 3368 kWh | £608 | £337 | £944 | £14,242 | 15.1 yrs | £4,647 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 2566 kWh | 3849 kWh | £694 | £385 | £1,079 | £16,276 | 15.1 yrs | £5,311 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £811, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 962 kWh | 642 kWh | £260 | £64 | £325 | £6,169 | 19.0 yrs | £322 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 1443 kWh | 962 kWh | £391 | £96 | £487 | £8,204 | 16.9 yrs | £1,533 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 1925 kWh | 1283 kWh | £521 | £128 | £649 | £10,238 | 15.8 yrs | £2,744 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 2406 kWh | 1604 kWh | £651 | £160 | £811 | £12,273 | 15.1 yrs | £3,955 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 2887 kWh | 1925 kWh | £781 | £192 | £974 | £14,307 | 14.7 yrs | £5,166 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 3368 kWh | 2245 kWh | £911 | £225 | £1,136 | £16,342 | 14.4 yrs | £6,377 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 3849 kWh | 2566 kWh | £1,042 | £257 | £1,298 | £18,376 | 14.2 yrs | £7,588 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £880, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 1123 kWh | 481 kWh | £304 | £48 | £352 | £7,569 | 21.5 yrs | £-531 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 1684 kWh | 722 kWh | £456 | £72 | £528 | £9,604 | 18.2 yrs | £954 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 2245 kWh | 962 kWh | £608 | £96 | £704 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,439 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 2807 kWh | 1203 kWh | £760 | £120 | £880 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,923 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 3368 kWh | 1443 kWh | £911 | £144 | £1,056 | £15,707 | 14.9 yrs | £5,408 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 3929 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,063 | £168 | £1,232 | £17,742 | 14.4 yrs | £6,893 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 4491 kWh | 1925 kWh | £1,215 | £192 | £1,408 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,377 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £900, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 1171 kWh | 433 kWh | £317 | £43 | £360 | £9,319 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,116 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 1756 kWh | 650 kWh | £475 | £65 | £540 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-550 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 2342 kWh | 866 kWh | £634 | £87 | £720 | £13,388 | 18.6 yrs | £1,017 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 2927 kWh | 1083 kWh | £792 | £108 | £900 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,584 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 3512 kWh | 1299 kWh | £950 | £130 | £1,080 | £17,457 | 16.2 yrs | £4,151 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 4098 kWh | 1516 kWh | £1,109 | £152 | £1,260 | £19,492 | 15.5 yrs | £5,717 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 4683 kWh | 1732 kWh | £1,267 | £173 | £1,441 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £914, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 1203 kWh | 401 kWh | £326 | £40 | £366 | £11,069 | 30.3 yrs | £-3,757 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 1804 kWh | 601 kWh | £488 | £60 | £548 | £13,104 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,136 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 2406 kWh | 802 kWh | £651 | £80 | £731 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-514 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 3007 kWh | 1002 kWh | £814 | £100 | £914 | £17,173 | 18.8 yrs | £1,107 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 3609 kWh | 1203 kWh | £977 | £120 | £1,097 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,729 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 4210 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,139 | £140 | £1,280 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,350 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 4812 kWh | 1604 kWh | £1,302 | £160 | £1,462 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £5,972 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £928, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1604 kWh | 1235 kWh | 369 kWh | £334 | £37 | £371 | £13,519 | 36.4 yrs | £-6,098 |
| 3 kW | 2406 kWh | 1852 kWh | 553 kWh | £501 | £55 | £557 | £15,554 | 27.9 yrs | £-4,421 |
| 4 kW | 3208 kWh | 2470 kWh | 738 kWh | £668 | £74 | £742 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,745 |
| 5 kW | 4010 kWh | 3087 kWh | 922 kWh | £835 | £92 | £928 | £19,623 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,069 |
| 6 kW | 4812 kWh | 3705 kWh | 1107 kWh | £1,003 | £111 | £1,113 | £21,657 | 19.5 yrs | £607 |
| 7 kW | 5614 kWh | 4322 kWh | 1291 kWh | £1,170 | £129 | £1,299 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,283 |
| 8 kW | 6415 kWh | 4940 kWh | 1476 kWh | £1,337 | £148 | £1,484 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £3,960 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.