A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 710 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £597, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 568 kWh | 852 kWh | £154 | £85 | £239 | £4,069 | 17.0 yrs | £708 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 852 kWh | 1278 kWh | £230 | £128 | £358 | £6,104 | 17.0 yrs | £1,062 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 1136 kWh | 1704 kWh | £307 | £170 | £478 | £8,138 | 17.0 yrs | £1,416 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 1420 kWh | 2129 kWh | £384 | £213 | £597 | £10,173 | 17.0 yrs | £1,769 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 1704 kWh | 2555 kWh | £461 | £256 | £717 | £12,207 | 17.0 yrs | £2,123 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 1987 kWh | 2981 kWh | £538 | £298 | £836 | £14,242 | 17.0 yrs | £2,477 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 2271 kWh | 3407 kWh | £615 | £341 | £955 | £16,276 | 17.0 yrs | £2,831 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £718, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 852 kWh | 568 kWh | £230 | £57 | £287 | £6,169 | 21.5 yrs | £-423 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 1278 kWh | 852 kWh | £346 | £85 | £431 | £8,204 | 19.0 yrs | £415 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 1704 kWh | 1136 kWh | £461 | £114 | £575 | £10,238 | 17.8 yrs | £1,253 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 2129 kWh | 1420 kWh | £576 | £142 | £718 | £12,273 | 17.1 yrs | £2,091 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 2555 kWh | 1704 kWh | £691 | £170 | £862 | £14,307 | 16.6 yrs | £2,930 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 2981 kWh | 1987 kWh | £807 | £199 | £1,005 | £16,342 | 16.3 yrs | £3,768 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 3407 kWh | 2271 kWh | £922 | £227 | £1,149 | £18,376 | 16.0 yrs | £4,606 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £779, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 994 kWh | 426 kWh | £269 | £43 | £311 | £7,569 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,339 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 1491 kWh | 639 kWh | £403 | £64 | £467 | £9,604 | 20.6 yrs | £-259 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 1987 kWh | 852 kWh | £538 | £85 | £623 | £11,638 | 18.7 yrs | £822 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 2484 kWh | 1065 kWh | £672 | £106 | £779 | £13,673 | 17.6 yrs | £1,902 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 2981 kWh | 1278 kWh | £807 | £128 | £934 | £15,707 | 16.8 yrs | £2,983 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 3478 kWh | 1491 kWh | £941 | £149 | £1,090 | £17,742 | 16.3 yrs | £4,063 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 3975 kWh | 1704 kWh | £1,076 | £170 | £1,246 | £19,776 | 15.9 yrs | £5,144 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £797, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 1036 kWh | 383 kWh | £280 | £38 | £319 | £9,319 | 29.2 yrs | £-2,944 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 1555 kWh | 575 kWh | £421 | £57 | £478 | £11,354 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,791 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 2073 kWh | 767 kWh | £561 | £77 | £638 | £13,388 | 21.0 yrs | £-638 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 2591 kWh | 958 kWh | £701 | £96 | £797 | £15,423 | 19.4 yrs | £516 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 3109 kWh | 1150 kWh | £841 | £115 | £956 | £17,457 | 18.3 yrs | £1,669 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 3627 kWh | 1342 kWh | £982 | £134 | £1,116 | £19,492 | 17.5 yrs | £2,822 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 4145 kWh | 1533 kWh | £1,122 | £153 | £1,275 | £21,526 | 16.9 yrs | £3,975 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £809, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 21.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 1065 kWh | 355 kWh | £288 | £35 | £324 | £11,069 | 34.2 yrs | £-4,597 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 1597 kWh | 532 kWh | £432 | £53 | £485 | £13,104 | 27.0 yrs | £-3,395 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 2129 kWh | 710 kWh | £576 | £71 | £647 | £15,138 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,194 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 2662 kWh | 887 kWh | £720 | £89 | £809 | £17,173 | 21.2 yrs | £-992 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 3194 kWh | 1065 kWh | £864 | £106 | £971 | £19,207 | 19.8 yrs | £209 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 3727 kWh | 1242 kWh | £1,008 | £124 | £1,133 | £21,242 | 18.8 yrs | £1,411 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 4259 kWh | 1420 kWh | £1,152 | £142 | £1,294 | £23,276 | 18.0 yrs | £2,612 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £821, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1420 kWh | 1093 kWh | 327 kWh | £296 | £33 | £328 | £13,519 | 41.2 yrs | £-6,950 |
| 3 kW | 2129 kWh | 1640 kWh | 490 kWh | £444 | £49 | £493 | £15,554 | 31.6 yrs | £-5,700 |
| 4 kW | 2839 kWh | 2186 kWh | 653 kWh | £592 | £65 | £657 | £17,588 | 26.8 yrs | £-4,450 |
| 5 kW | 3549 kWh | 2733 kWh | 816 kWh | £739 | £82 | £821 | £19,623 | 23.9 yrs | £-3,200 |
| 6 kW | 4259 kWh | 3279 kWh | 980 kWh | £887 | £98 | £985 | £21,657 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,950 |
| 7 kW | 4969 kWh | 3826 kWh | 1143 kWh | £1,035 | £114 | £1,150 | £23,692 | 20.6 yrs | £-700 |
| 8 kW | 5679 kWh | 4372 kWh | 1306 kWh | £1,183 | £131 | £1,314 | £25,726 | 19.6 yrs | £550 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.