A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 736 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £620, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 16.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 589 kWh | 884 kWh | £159 | £88 | £248 | £4,069 | 16.4 yrs | £887 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 884 kWh | 1326 kWh | £239 | £133 | £372 | £6,104 | 16.4 yrs | £1,331 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 1178 kWh | 1768 kWh | £319 | £177 | £496 | £8,138 | 16.4 yrs | £1,774 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 1473 kWh | 2209 kWh | £399 | £221 | £620 | £10,173 | 16.4 yrs | £2,218 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 1768 kWh | 2651 kWh | £478 | £265 | £743 | £12,207 | 16.4 yrs | £2,661 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 2062 kWh | 3093 kWh | £558 | £309 | £867 | £14,242 | 16.4 yrs | £3,105 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 2357 kWh | 3535 kWh | £638 | £354 | £991 | £16,276 | 16.4 yrs | £3,549 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £745, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 884 kWh | 589 kWh | £239 | £59 | £298 | £6,169 | 20.7 yrs | £-208 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 1326 kWh | 884 kWh | £359 | £88 | £447 | £8,204 | 18.3 yrs | £738 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 1768 kWh | 1178 kWh | £478 | £118 | £596 | £10,238 | 17.2 yrs | £1,685 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 2209 kWh | 1473 kWh | £598 | £147 | £745 | £12,273 | 16.5 yrs | £2,631 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 2651 kWh | 1768 kWh | £717 | £177 | £894 | £14,307 | 16.0 yrs | £3,577 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 3093 kWh | 2062 kWh | £837 | £206 | £1,043 | £16,342 | 15.7 yrs | £4,523 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 3535 kWh | 2357 kWh | £957 | £236 | £1,192 | £18,376 | 15.4 yrs | £5,469 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £808, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 1031 kWh | 442 kWh | £279 | £44 | £323 | £7,569 | 23.4 yrs | £-1,105 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 1547 kWh | 663 kWh | £419 | £66 | £485 | £9,604 | 19.8 yrs | £92 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 2062 kWh | 884 kWh | £558 | £88 | £646 | £11,638 | 18.0 yrs | £1,290 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 2578 kWh | 1105 kWh | £698 | £110 | £808 | £13,673 | 16.9 yrs | £2,487 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 3093 kWh | 1326 kWh | £837 | £133 | £970 | £15,707 | 16.2 yrs | £3,684 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 3609 kWh | 1547 kWh | £977 | £155 | £1,131 | £17,742 | 15.7 yrs | £4,882 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 4124 kWh | 1768 kWh | £1,116 | £177 | £1,293 | £19,776 | 15.3 yrs | £6,079 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £827, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 1075 kWh | 398 kWh | £291 | £40 | £331 | £9,319 | 28.2 yrs | £-2,704 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 1613 kWh | 597 kWh | £436 | £60 | £496 | £11,354 | 22.9 yrs | £-1,432 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 2150 kWh | 795 kWh | £582 | £80 | £661 | £13,388 | 20.2 yrs | £-159 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 2688 kWh | 994 kWh | £727 | £99 | £827 | £15,423 | 18.7 yrs | £1,114 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 3226 kWh | 1193 kWh | £873 | £119 | £992 | £17,457 | 17.6 yrs | £2,387 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 3763 kWh | 1392 kWh | £1,018 | £139 | £1,158 | £19,492 | 16.8 yrs | £3,660 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 4301 kWh | 1591 kWh | £1,164 | £159 | £1,323 | £21,526 | 16.3 yrs | £4,932 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £839, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 20.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 1105 kWh | 368 kWh | £299 | £37 | £336 | £11,069 | 33.0 yrs | £-4,354 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 1657 kWh | 552 kWh | £448 | £55 | £504 | £13,104 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,031 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 2209 kWh | 736 kWh | £598 | £74 | £672 | £15,138 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,708 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 2762 kWh | 921 kWh | £747 | £92 | £839 | £17,173 | 20.5 yrs | £-385 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 3314 kWh | 1105 kWh | £897 | £110 | £1,007 | £19,207 | 19.1 yrs | £938 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 3866 kWh | 1289 kWh | £1,046 | £129 | £1,175 | £21,242 | 18.1 yrs | £2,261 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 4419 kWh | 1473 kWh | £1,196 | £147 | £1,343 | £23,276 | 17.3 yrs | £3,584 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £852, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 23.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1473 kWh | 1134 kWh | 339 kWh | £307 | £34 | £341 | £13,519 | 39.7 yrs | £-6,703 |
| 3 kW | 2209 kWh | 1701 kWh | 508 kWh | £460 | £51 | £511 | £15,554 | 30.4 yrs | £-5,330 |
| 4 kW | 2946 kWh | 2268 kWh | 678 kWh | £614 | £68 | £682 | £17,588 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,957 |
| 5 kW | 3682 kWh | 2835 kWh | 847 kWh | £767 | £85 | £852 | £19,623 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,583 |
| 6 kW | 4419 kWh | 3402 kWh | 1016 kWh | £921 | £102 | £1,022 | £21,657 | 21.2 yrs | £-1,210 |
| 7 kW | 5155 kWh | 3970 kWh | 1186 kWh | £1,074 | £119 | £1,193 | £23,692 | 19.9 yrs | £163 |
| 8 kW | 5892 kWh | 4537 kWh | 1355 kWh | £1,228 | £136 | £1,363 | £25,726 | 18.9 yrs | £1,537 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.