A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 860 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £724, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 688 kWh | 1032 kWh | £186 | £103 | £289 | £4,069 | 14.1 yrs | £1,721 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1032 kWh | 1549 kWh | £279 | £155 | £434 | £6,104 | 14.1 yrs | £2,581 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 1377 kWh | 2065 kWh | £372 | £206 | £579 | £8,138 | 14.1 yrs | £3,441 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 1721 kWh | 2581 kWh | £466 | £258 | £724 | £10,173 | 14.1 yrs | £4,302 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 2065 kWh | 3097 kWh | £559 | £310 | £868 | £12,207 | 14.1 yrs | £5,162 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 2409 kWh | 3613 kWh | £652 | £361 | £1,013 | £14,242 | 14.1 yrs | £6,022 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 2753 kWh | 4130 kWh | £745 | £413 | £1,158 | £16,276 | 14.1 yrs | £6,883 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £870, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1032 kWh | 688 kWh | £279 | £69 | £348 | £6,169 | 17.7 yrs | £795 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1549 kWh | 1032 kWh | £419 | £103 | £522 | £8,204 | 15.7 yrs | £2,242 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 2065 kWh | 1377 kWh | £559 | £138 | £696 | £10,238 | 14.7 yrs | £3,690 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 2581 kWh | 1721 kWh | £698 | £172 | £870 | £12,273 | 14.1 yrs | £5,137 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 3097 kWh | 2065 kWh | £838 | £206 | £1,045 | £14,307 | 13.7 yrs | £6,585 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 3613 kWh | 2409 kWh | £978 | £241 | £1,219 | £16,342 | 13.4 yrs | £8,032 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 4130 kWh | 2753 kWh | £1,117 | £275 | £1,393 | £18,376 | 13.2 yrs | £9,479 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £944, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1204 kWh | 516 kWh | £326 | £52 | £378 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £-18 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1807 kWh | 774 kWh | £489 | £77 | £566 | £9,604 | 17.0 yrs | £1,723 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 2409 kWh | 1032 kWh | £652 | £103 | £755 | £11,638 | 15.4 yrs | £3,464 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 3011 kWh | 1290 kWh | £815 | £129 | £944 | £13,673 | 14.5 yrs | £5,205 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 3613 kWh | 1549 kWh | £978 | £155 | £1,133 | £15,707 | 13.9 yrs | £6,946 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 4216 kWh | 1807 kWh | £1,141 | £181 | £1,321 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,687 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 4818 kWh | 2065 kWh | £1,304 | £206 | £1,510 | £19,776 | 13.1 yrs | £10,428 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £966, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1256 kWh | 465 kWh | £340 | £46 | £386 | £9,319 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,592 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1884 kWh | 697 kWh | £510 | £70 | £580 | £11,354 | 19.6 yrs | £237 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 2512 kWh | 929 kWh | £680 | £93 | £773 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,066 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 3140 kWh | 1161 kWh | £850 | £116 | £966 | £15,423 | 16.0 yrs | £3,895 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 3768 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,020 | £139 | £1,159 | £17,457 | 15.1 yrs | £5,724 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 4396 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,190 | £163 | £1,352 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,553 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 5024 kWh | 1858 kWh | £1,360 | £186 | £1,545 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,382 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £981, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1290 kWh | 430 kWh | £349 | £43 | £392 | £11,069 | 28.2 yrs | £-3,225 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1936 kWh | 645 kWh | £524 | £65 | £588 | £13,104 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,337 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 2581 kWh | 860 kWh | £698 | £86 | £784 | £15,138 | 19.3 yrs | £551 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 3226 kWh | 1075 kWh | £873 | £108 | £981 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,439 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 3871 kWh | 1290 kWh | £1,048 | £129 | £1,177 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,326 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 4517 kWh | 1506 kWh | £1,222 | £151 | £1,373 | £21,242 | 15.5 yrs | £6,214 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 5162 kWh | 1721 kWh | £1,397 | £172 | £1,569 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,102 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1721 kWh | 1325 kWh | 396 kWh | £359 | £40 | £398 | £13,519 | 34.0 yrs | £-5,557 |
| 3 kW | 2581 kWh | 1987 kWh | 594 kWh | £538 | £59 | £597 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,611 |
| 4 kW | 3441 kWh | 2650 kWh | 792 kWh | £717 | £79 | £796 | £17,588 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,664 |
| 5 kW | 4302 kWh | 3312 kWh | 989 kWh | £896 | £99 | £995 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £282 |
| 6 kW | 5162 kWh | 3975 kWh | 1187 kWh | £1,076 | £119 | £1,194 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,229 |
| 7 kW | 6022 kWh | 4637 kWh | 1385 kWh | £1,255 | £139 | £1,393 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,175 |
| 8 kW | 6883 kWh | 5300 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,434 | £158 | £1,592 | £25,726 | 16.2 yrs | £6,122 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.