A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 807 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £679, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 646 kWh | 969 kWh | £175 | £97 | £272 | £4,069 | 15.0 yrs | £1,363 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 969 kWh | 1453 kWh | £262 | £145 | £407 | £6,104 | 15.0 yrs | £2,045 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 1292 kWh | 1937 kWh | £350 | £194 | £543 | £8,138 | 15.0 yrs | £2,727 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 1614 kWh | 2422 kWh | £437 | £242 | £679 | £10,173 | 15.0 yrs | £3,409 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 1937 kWh | 2906 kWh | £524 | £291 | £815 | £12,207 | 15.0 yrs | £4,090 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 2260 kWh | 3390 kWh | £612 | £339 | £951 | £14,242 | 15.0 yrs | £4,772 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 2583 kWh | 3875 kWh | £699 | £387 | £1,086 | £16,276 | 15.0 yrs | £5,454 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £817, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 969 kWh | 646 kWh | £262 | £65 | £327 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £365 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 1453 kWh | 969 kWh | £393 | £97 | £490 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,598 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 1937 kWh | 1292 kWh | £524 | £129 | £653 | £10,238 | 15.7 yrs | £2,830 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 2422 kWh | 1614 kWh | £655 | £161 | £817 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,063 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 2906 kWh | 1937 kWh | £786 | £194 | £980 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,296 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 3390 kWh | 2260 kWh | £917 | £226 | £1,143 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,528 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 3875 kWh | 2583 kWh | £1,049 | £258 | £1,307 | £18,376 | 14.1 yrs | £7,761 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £886, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 1130 kWh | 484 kWh | £306 | £48 | £354 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-484 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 1695 kWh | 727 kWh | £459 | £73 | £531 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £1,024 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 2260 kWh | 969 kWh | £612 | £97 | £709 | £11,638 | 16.4 yrs | £2,532 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 2825 kWh | 1211 kWh | £765 | £121 | £886 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,040 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 3390 kWh | 1453 kWh | £917 | £145 | £1,063 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,548 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 3956 kWh | 1695 kWh | £1,070 | £170 | £1,240 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,056 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 4521 kWh | 1937 kWh | £1,223 | £194 | £1,417 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,564 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £906, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 1179 kWh | 436 kWh | £319 | £44 | £363 | £9,319 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,069 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 1768 kWh | 654 kWh | £478 | £65 | £544 | £11,354 | 20.9 yrs | £-478 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 2357 kWh | 872 kWh | £638 | £87 | £725 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,113 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 2946 kWh | 1090 kWh | £797 | £109 | £906 | £15,423 | 17.0 yrs | £2,703 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 3536 kWh | 1308 kWh | £957 | £131 | £1,088 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,294 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 4125 kWh | 1526 kWh | £1,116 | £153 | £1,269 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,885 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 4714 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,276 | £174 | £1,450 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,475 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 1211 kWh | 404 kWh | £328 | £40 | £368 | £11,069 | 30.1 yrs | £-3,709 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 1816 kWh | 605 kWh | £491 | £61 | £552 | £13,104 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,063 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 2422 kWh | 807 kWh | £655 | £81 | £736 | £15,138 | 20.6 yrs | £-417 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 3027 kWh | 1009 kWh | £819 | £101 | £920 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,229 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 3633 kWh | 1211 kWh | £983 | £121 | £1,104 | £19,207 | 17.4 yrs | £2,874 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 4238 kWh | 1413 kWh | £1,147 | £141 | £1,288 | £21,242 | 16.5 yrs | £4,520 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 4844 kWh | 1614 kWh | £1,311 | £161 | £1,472 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,166 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £934, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1614 kWh | 1243 kWh | 371 kWh | £336 | £37 | £374 | £13,519 | 36.2 yrs | £-6,048 |
| 3 kW | 2422 kWh | 1865 kWh | 557 kWh | £505 | £56 | £560 | £15,554 | 27.8 yrs | £-4,348 |
| 4 kW | 3229 kWh | 2486 kWh | 743 kWh | £673 | £74 | £747 | £17,588 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,647 |
| 5 kW | 4036 kWh | 3108 kWh | 928 kWh | £841 | £93 | £934 | £19,623 | 21.0 yrs | £-946 |
| 6 kW | 4844 kWh | 3729 kWh | 1114 kWh | £1,009 | £111 | £1,121 | £21,657 | 19.3 yrs | £755 |
| 7 kW | 5651 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1300 kWh | £1,177 | £130 | £1,307 | £23,692 | 18.1 yrs | £2,456 |
| 8 kW | 6458 kWh | 4973 kWh | 1485 kWh | £1,346 | £149 | £1,494 | £25,726 | 17.2 yrs | £4,157 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.