A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 815 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £686, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 652 kWh | 978 kWh | £176 | £98 | £274 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,416 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 978 kWh | 1467 kWh | £265 | £147 | £411 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,123 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 1304 kWh | 1956 kWh | £353 | £196 | £548 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,831 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 1630 kWh | 2445 kWh | £441 | £244 | £686 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,539 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 1956 kWh | 2934 kWh | £529 | £293 | £823 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,247 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 2282 kWh | 3423 kWh | £618 | £342 | £960 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,954 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 2608 kWh | 3912 kWh | £706 | £391 | £1,097 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,662 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £825, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 978 kWh | 652 kWh | £265 | £65 | £330 | £6,169 | 18.7 yrs | £428 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 1467 kWh | 978 kWh | £397 | £98 | £495 | £8,204 | 16.6 yrs | £1,692 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 1956 kWh | 1304 kWh | £529 | £130 | £660 | £10,238 | 15.5 yrs | £2,956 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 2445 kWh | 1630 kWh | £662 | £163 | £825 | £12,273 | 14.9 yrs | £4,220 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 2934 kWh | 1956 kWh | £794 | £196 | £990 | £14,307 | 14.5 yrs | £5,484 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 3423 kWh | 2282 kWh | £926 | £228 | £1,154 | £16,342 | 14.2 yrs | £6,747 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 3912 kWh | 2608 kWh | £1,059 | £261 | £1,319 | £18,376 | 13.9 yrs | £8,011 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £894, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1141 kWh | 489 kWh | £309 | £49 | £358 | £7,569 | 21.2 yrs | £-416 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 1711 kWh | 733 kWh | £463 | £73 | £536 | £9,604 | 17.9 yrs | £1,126 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 2282 kWh | 978 kWh | £618 | £98 | £715 | £11,638 | 16.3 yrs | £2,668 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 2852 kWh | 1222 kWh | £772 | £122 | £894 | £13,673 | 15.3 yrs | £4,210 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 3423 kWh | 1467 kWh | £926 | £147 | £1,073 | £15,707 | 14.6 yrs | £5,752 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 3993 kWh | 1711 kWh | £1,081 | £171 | £1,252 | £17,742 | 14.2 yrs | £7,294 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 4564 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,235 | £196 | £1,431 | £19,776 | 13.8 yrs | £8,836 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £915, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1190 kWh | 440 kWh | £322 | £44 | £366 | £9,319 | 25.5 yrs | £-1,999 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 1785 kWh | 660 kWh | £483 | £66 | £549 | £11,354 | 20.7 yrs | £-374 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 2380 kWh | 880 kWh | £644 | £88 | £732 | £13,388 | 18.3 yrs | £1,252 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 2975 kWh | 1100 kWh | £805 | £110 | £915 | £15,423 | 16.9 yrs | £2,877 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 3570 kWh | 1320 kWh | £966 | £132 | £1,098 | £17,457 | 15.9 yrs | £4,502 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 4165 kWh | 1540 kWh | £1,127 | £154 | £1,281 | £19,492 | 15.2 yrs | £6,128 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 4760 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,288 | £176 | £1,464 | £21,526 | 14.7 yrs | £7,753 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1222 kWh | 407 kWh | £331 | £41 | £372 | £11,069 | 29.8 yrs | £-3,638 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 1834 kWh | 611 kWh | £496 | £61 | £557 | £13,104 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,957 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 2445 kWh | 815 kWh | £662 | £81 | £743 | £15,138 | 20.4 yrs | £-276 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 3056 kWh | 1019 kWh | £827 | £102 | £929 | £17,173 | 18.5 yrs | £1,405 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 3667 kWh | 1222 kWh | £992 | £122 | £1,115 | £19,207 | 17.2 yrs | £3,086 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 4279 kWh | 1426 kWh | £1,158 | £143 | £1,300 | £21,242 | 16.3 yrs | £4,767 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 4890 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,323 | £163 | £1,486 | £23,276 | 15.7 yrs | £6,448 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £943, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 20.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1630 kWh | 1255 kWh | 375 kWh | £340 | £37 | £377 | £13,519 | 35.8 yrs | £-5,977 |
| 3 kW | 2445 kWh | 1883 kWh | 562 kWh | £509 | £56 | £566 | £15,554 | 27.5 yrs | £-4,240 |
| 4 kW | 3260 kWh | 2510 kWh | 750 kWh | £679 | £75 | £754 | £17,588 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,503 |
| 5 kW | 4075 kWh | 3138 kWh | 937 kWh | £849 | £94 | £943 | £19,623 | 20.8 yrs | £-767 |
| 6 kW | 4890 kWh | 3765 kWh | 1125 kWh | £1,019 | £112 | £1,131 | £21,657 | 19.1 yrs | £970 |
| 7 kW | 5705 kWh | 4393 kWh | 1312 kWh | £1,189 | £131 | £1,320 | £23,692 | 17.9 yrs | £2,707 |
| 8 kW | 6520 kWh | 5020 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,359 | £150 | £1,508 | £25,726 | 17.1 yrs | £4,443 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.