A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1015 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £843, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 812 kWh | 1218 kWh | £215 | £122 | £337 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,675 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 1218 kWh | 1827 kWh | £323 | £183 | £506 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £4,012 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 1624 kWh | 2436 kWh | £431 | £244 | £674 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,349 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 2030 kWh | 3045 kWh | £538 | £304 | £843 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,687 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 2436 kWh | 3654 kWh | £646 | £365 | £1,012 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £8,024 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 2842 kWh | 4262 kWh | £754 | £426 | £1,180 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,361 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 3248 kWh | 4871 kWh | £862 | £487 | £1,349 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,699 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1218 kWh | 812 kWh | £323 | £81 | £404 | £6,169 | 15.3 yrs | £1,917 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 1827 kWh | 1218 kWh | £485 | £122 | £606 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,925 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2436 kWh | 1624 kWh | £646 | £162 | £809 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,933 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 3045 kWh | 2030 kWh | £808 | £203 | £1,011 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £7,942 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 3654 kWh | 2436 kWh | £969 | £244 | £1,213 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,950 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 4262 kWh | 2842 kWh | £1,131 | £284 | £1,415 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £11,959 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 4871 kWh | 3248 kWh | £1,292 | £325 | £1,617 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,967 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1421 kWh | 609 kWh | £377 | £61 | £438 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,188 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2131 kWh | 913 kWh | £565 | £91 | £657 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,532 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2842 kWh | 1218 kWh | £754 | £122 | £876 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,876 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 3552 kWh | 1522 kWh | £942 | £152 | £1,095 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,219 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 4262 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,131 | £183 | £1,314 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,563 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 4973 kWh | 2131 kWh | £1,319 | £213 | £1,532 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,907 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 5683 kWh | 2436 kWh | £1,508 | £244 | £1,751 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,251 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1482 kWh | 548 kWh | £393 | £55 | £448 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-361 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2223 kWh | 822 kWh | £590 | £82 | £672 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,084 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 2963 kWh | 1096 kWh | £786 | £110 | £896 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,528 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 3704 kWh | 1370 kWh | £983 | £137 | £1,120 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,973 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 4445 kWh | 1644 kWh | £1,179 | £164 | £1,344 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,417 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 5186 kWh | 1918 kWh | £1,376 | £192 | £1,568 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,862 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 5927 kWh | 2192 kWh | £1,572 | £219 | £1,792 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,306 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,137, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1522 kWh | 507 kWh | £404 | £51 | £455 | £11,069 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,977 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2283 kWh | 761 kWh | £606 | £76 | £682 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £535 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 3045 kWh | 1015 kWh | £808 | £101 | £909 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,047 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 3806 kWh | 1269 kWh | £1,010 | £127 | £1,137 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,558 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 4567 kWh | 1522 kWh | £1,212 | £152 | £1,364 | £19,207 | 14.1 yrs | £8,070 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 5328 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,414 | £178 | £1,591 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,582 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 6089 kWh | 2030 kWh | £1,615 | £203 | £1,818 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,093 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,153, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2030 kWh | 1563 kWh | 467 kWh | £415 | £47 | £461 | £13,519 | 29.3 yrs | £-4,293 |
| 3 kW | 3045 kWh | 2344 kWh | 700 kWh | £622 | £70 | £692 | £15,554 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,714 |
| 4 kW | 4060 kWh | 3126 kWh | 934 kWh | £829 | £93 | £923 | £17,588 | 19.1 yrs | £865 |
| 5 kW | 5074 kWh | 3907 kWh | 1167 kWh | £1,037 | £117 | £1,153 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,444 |
| 6 kW | 6089 kWh | 4689 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,244 | £140 | £1,384 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,022 |
| 7 kW | 7104 kWh | 5470 kWh | 1634 kWh | £1,451 | £163 | £1,615 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,601 |
| 8 kW | 8119 kWh | 6252 kWh | 1867 kWh | £1,659 | £187 | £1,845 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,180 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.