A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1042 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £865, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 834 kWh | 1250 kWh | £221 | £125 | £346 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,854 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 1250 kWh | 1875 kWh | £332 | £188 | £519 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,282 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 1667 kWh | 2501 kWh | £442 | £250 | £692 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,709 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 2084 kWh | 3126 kWh | £553 | £313 | £865 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £7,136 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 2501 kWh | 3751 kWh | £663 | £375 | £1,039 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,563 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 2917 kWh | 4376 kWh | £774 | £438 | £1,212 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,990 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 3334 kWh | 5001 kWh | £885 | £500 | £1,385 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,418 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,038, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 1250 kWh | 834 kWh | £332 | £83 | £415 | £6,169 | 14.9 yrs | £2,132 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 1875 kWh | 1250 kWh | £498 | £125 | £623 | £8,204 | 13.2 yrs | £4,248 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 2501 kWh | 1667 kWh | £663 | £167 | £830 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,364 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 3126 kWh | 2084 kWh | £829 | £208 | £1,038 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,481 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 3751 kWh | 2501 kWh | £995 | £250 | £1,245 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,597 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 4376 kWh | 2917 kWh | £1,161 | £292 | £1,453 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,713 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 5001 kWh | 3334 kWh | £1,327 | £333 | £1,660 | £18,376 | 11.1 yrs | £14,829 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,124, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 1459 kWh | 625 kWh | £387 | £63 | £450 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,421 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 2188 kWh | 938 kWh | £580 | £94 | £674 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,882 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 2917 kWh | 1250 kWh | £774 | £125 | £899 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,342 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 3647 kWh | 1563 kWh | £967 | £156 | £1,124 | £13,673 | 12.2 yrs | £8,803 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 4376 kWh | 1875 kWh | £1,161 | £188 | £1,349 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,264 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 5105 kWh | 2188 kWh | £1,354 | £219 | £1,573 | £17,742 | 11.3 yrs | £13,724 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 5835 kWh | 2501 kWh | £1,548 | £250 | £1,798 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,185 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,150, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 1521 kWh | 563 kWh | £404 | £56 | £460 | £9,319 | 20.3 yrs | £-122 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 2282 kWh | 844 kWh | £605 | £84 | £690 | £11,354 | 16.5 yrs | £2,442 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 3042 kWh | 1125 kWh | £807 | £113 | £920 | £13,388 | 14.6 yrs | £5,006 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 3803 kWh | 1407 kWh | £1,009 | £141 | £1,150 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,570 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 4564 kWh | 1688 kWh | £1,211 | £169 | £1,380 | £17,457 | 12.7 yrs | £10,134 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 5324 kWh | 1969 kWh | £1,413 | £197 | £1,609 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,697 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 6085 kWh | 2251 kWh | £1,614 | £225 | £1,839 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,261 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 1563 kWh | 521 kWh | £415 | £52 | £467 | £11,069 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,734 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 2344 kWh | 781 kWh | £622 | £78 | £700 | £13,104 | 18.7 yrs | £898 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 3126 kWh | 1042 kWh | £829 | £104 | £933 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,531 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 3907 kWh | 1302 kWh | £1,037 | £130 | £1,167 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,164 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 4689 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,244 | £156 | £1,400 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,797 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 5470 kWh | 1823 kWh | £1,451 | £182 | £1,634 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,430 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 6252 kWh | 2084 kWh | £1,659 | £208 | £1,867 | £23,276 | 12.5 yrs | £14,063 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,184, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2084 kWh | 1605 kWh | 479 kWh | £426 | £48 | £474 | £13,519 | 28.5 yrs | £-4,047 |
| 3 kW | 3126 kWh | 2407 kWh | 719 kWh | £639 | £72 | £710 | £15,554 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,345 |
| 4 kW | 4168 kWh | 3209 kWh | 959 kWh | £851 | £96 | £947 | £17,588 | 18.6 yrs | £1,357 |
| 5 kW | 5210 kWh | 4011 kWh | 1198 kWh | £1,064 | £120 | £1,184 | £19,623 | 16.6 yrs | £4,059 |
| 6 kW | 6252 kWh | 4814 kWh | 1438 kWh | £1,277 | £144 | £1,421 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,760 |
| 7 kW | 7294 kWh | 5616 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,490 | £168 | £1,658 | £23,692 | 14.3 yrs | £9,462 |
| 8 kW | 8335 kWh | 6418 kWh | 1917 kWh | £1,703 | £192 | £1,894 | £25,726 | 13.6 yrs | £12,164 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.