A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1008 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 806 kWh | 1209 kWh | £207 | £121 | £328 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,482 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 1209 kWh | 1814 kWh | £310 | £181 | £491 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,724 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 1612 kWh | 2419 kWh | £413 | £242 | £655 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £4,965 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 2016 kWh | 3023 kWh | £517 | £302 | £819 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,206 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 2419 kWh | 3628 kWh | £620 | £363 | £983 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,447 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 2822 kWh | 4233 kWh | £723 | £423 | £1,147 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,688 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 3225 kWh | 4837 kWh | £827 | £484 | £1,310 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £9,930 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 1209 kWh | 806 kWh | £310 | £81 | £391 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,643 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 1814 kWh | 1209 kWh | £465 | £121 | £586 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,514 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 2419 kWh | 1612 kWh | £620 | £161 | £781 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,385 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 3023 kWh | 2016 kWh | £775 | £202 | £976 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,256 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 3628 kWh | 2419 kWh | £930 | £242 | £1,172 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,128 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 4233 kWh | 2822 kWh | £1,085 | £282 | £1,367 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,999 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 4837 kWh | 3225 kWh | £1,240 | £322 | £1,562 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,870 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 1411 kWh | 605 kWh | £362 | £60 | £422 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £873 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 2116 kWh | 907 kWh | £542 | £91 | £633 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,059 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 2822 kWh | 1209 kWh | £723 | £121 | £844 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,245 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 3527 kWh | 1512 kWh | £904 | £151 | £1,055 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,432 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 4233 kWh | 1814 kWh | £1,085 | £181 | £1,266 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,618 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 4938 kWh | 2116 kWh | £1,266 | £212 | £1,477 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,804 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 5644 kWh | 2419 kWh | £1,446 | £242 | £1,688 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,991 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 1471 kWh | 544 kWh | £377 | £54 | £432 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-688 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 2207 kWh | 816 kWh | £566 | £82 | £647 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,592 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 2943 kWh | 1088 kWh | £754 | £109 | £863 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,873 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 3678 kWh | 1361 kWh | £943 | £136 | £1,079 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,154 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 4414 kWh | 1633 kWh | £1,131 | £163 | £1,295 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,435 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 5150 kWh | 1905 kWh | £1,320 | £190 | £1,510 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,716 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 5885 kWh | 2177 kWh | £1,508 | £218 | £1,726 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,997 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 1512 kWh | 504 kWh | £387 | £50 | £438 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,312 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 2268 kWh | 756 kWh | £581 | £76 | £657 | £13,104 | 20.0 yrs | £32 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 3023 kWh | 1008 kWh | £775 | £101 | £876 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,375 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 3779 kWh | 1260 kWh | £969 | £126 | £1,095 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,719 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 4535 kWh | 1512 kWh | £1,162 | £151 | £1,314 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,063 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 5291 kWh | 1764 kWh | £1,356 | £176 | £1,532 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,407 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 6047 kWh | 2016 kWh | £1,550 | £202 | £1,751 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,751 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2016 kWh | 1552 kWh | 464 kWh | £398 | £46 | £444 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,636 |
| 3 kW | 3023 kWh | 2328 kWh | 695 kWh | £597 | £70 | £666 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,229 |
| 4 kW | 4031 kWh | 3104 kWh | 927 kWh | £796 | £93 | £888 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £177 |
| 5 kW | 5039 kWh | 3880 kWh | 1159 kWh | £994 | £116 | £1,110 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,584 |
| 6 kW | 6047 kWh | 4656 kWh | 1391 kWh | £1,193 | £139 | £1,332 | £21,657 | 16.3 yrs | £4,991 |
| 7 kW | 7055 kWh | 5432 kWh | 1623 kWh | £1,392 | £162 | £1,554 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,398 |
| 8 kW | 8062 kWh | 6208 kWh | 1854 kWh | £1,591 | £185 | £1,777 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,805 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.