A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 915 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £766, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 732 kWh | 1098 kWh | £196 | £110 | £306 | £4,069 | 13.3 yrs | £2,057 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 1098 kWh | 1647 kWh | £295 | £165 | £459 | £6,104 | 13.3 yrs | £3,085 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 1464 kWh | 2197 kWh | £393 | £220 | £613 | £8,138 | 13.3 yrs | £4,113 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 1830 kWh | 2746 kWh | £491 | £275 | £766 | £10,173 | 13.3 yrs | £5,141 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 2197 kWh | 3295 kWh | £589 | £329 | £919 | £12,207 | 13.3 yrs | £6,170 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 2563 kWh | 3844 kWh | £688 | £384 | £1,072 | £14,242 | 13.3 yrs | £7,198 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 2929 kWh | 4393 kWh | £786 | £439 | £1,225 | £16,276 | 13.3 yrs | £8,226 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 1098 kWh | 732 kWh | £295 | £73 | £368 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,189 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 1647 kWh | 1098 kWh | £442 | £110 | £552 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,833 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 2197 kWh | 1464 kWh | £589 | £146 | £736 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,478 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 2746 kWh | 1830 kWh | £737 | £183 | £920 | £12,273 | 13.3 yrs | £6,122 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 3295 kWh | 2197 kWh | £884 | £220 | £1,104 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,767 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 3844 kWh | 2563 kWh | £1,031 | £256 | £1,288 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,411 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 4393 kWh | 2929 kWh | £1,179 | £293 | £1,472 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £11,055 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £997, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 1281 kWh | 549 kWh | £344 | £55 | £399 | £7,569 | 19.0 yrs | £405 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 1922 kWh | 824 kWh | £516 | £82 | £598 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,358 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 2563 kWh | 1098 kWh | £688 | £110 | £797 | £11,638 | 14.6 yrs | £4,310 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 3203 kWh | 1373 kWh | £859 | £137 | £997 | £13,673 | 13.7 yrs | £6,263 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 3844 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,031 | £165 | £1,196 | £15,707 | 13.1 yrs | £8,215 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 4485 kWh | 1922 kWh | £1,203 | £192 | £1,395 | £17,742 | 12.7 yrs | £10,168 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 5125 kWh | 2197 kWh | £1,375 | £220 | £1,595 | £19,776 | 12.4 yrs | £12,120 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,020, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 1336 kWh | 494 kWh | £359 | £49 | £408 | £9,319 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,160 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 2004 kWh | 741 kWh | £538 | £74 | £612 | £11,354 | 18.6 yrs | £885 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 2673 kWh | 988 kWh | £717 | £99 | £816 | £13,388 | 16.4 yrs | £2,930 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 3341 kWh | 1236 kWh | £896 | £124 | £1,020 | £15,423 | 15.1 yrs | £4,975 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 4009 kWh | 1483 kWh | £1,076 | £148 | £1,224 | £17,457 | 14.3 yrs | £7,020 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 4677 kWh | 1730 kWh | £1,255 | £173 | £1,428 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £9,064 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 5345 kWh | 1977 kWh | £1,434 | £198 | £1,632 | £21,526 | 13.2 yrs | £11,109 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,035, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 1373 kWh | 458 kWh | £368 | £46 | £414 | £11,069 | 26.7 yrs | £-2,787 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 2059 kWh | 686 kWh | £553 | £69 | £621 | £13,104 | 21.1 yrs | £-680 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 2746 kWh | 915 kWh | £737 | £92 | £828 | £15,138 | 18.3 yrs | £1,426 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 3432 kWh | 1144 kWh | £921 | £114 | £1,035 | £17,173 | 16.6 yrs | £3,533 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 4119 kWh | 1373 kWh | £1,105 | £137 | £1,242 | £19,207 | 15.5 yrs | £5,639 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 4805 kWh | 1602 kWh | £1,289 | £160 | £1,449 | £21,242 | 14.7 yrs | £7,746 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 5492 kWh | 1830 kWh | £1,473 | £183 | £1,656 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,852 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,051, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1830 kWh | 1409 kWh | 421 kWh | £378 | £42 | £420 | £13,519 | 32.2 yrs | £-5,114 |
| 3 kW | 2746 kWh | 2114 kWh | 632 kWh | £567 | £63 | £630 | £15,554 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,946 |
| 4 kW | 3661 kWh | 2819 kWh | 842 kWh | £756 | £84 | £841 | £17,588 | 20.9 yrs | £-777 |
| 5 kW | 4576 kWh | 3524 kWh | 1053 kWh | £945 | £105 | £1,051 | £19,623 | 18.7 yrs | £1,391 |
| 6 kW | 5492 kWh | 4228 kWh | 1263 kWh | £1,134 | £126 | £1,261 | £21,657 | 17.2 yrs | £3,559 |
| 7 kW | 6407 kWh | 4933 kWh | 1474 kWh | £1,324 | £147 | £1,471 | £23,692 | 16.1 yrs | £5,727 |
| 8 kW | 7322 kWh | 5638 kWh | 1684 kWh | £1,513 | £168 | £1,681 | £25,726 | 15.3 yrs | £7,895 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.