A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 978 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £812, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 782 kWh | 1174 kWh | £208 | £117 | £325 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,430 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 1174 kWh | 1761 kWh | £311 | £176 | £487 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,645 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 1565 kWh | 2347 kWh | £415 | £235 | £650 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,861 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 1956 kWh | 2934 kWh | £519 | £293 | £812 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,076 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 2347 kWh | 3521 kWh | £623 | £352 | £975 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,291 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 2739 kWh | 4108 kWh | £727 | £411 | £1,137 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,506 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 3130 kWh | 4695 kWh | £830 | £469 | £1,300 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,721 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 1174 kWh | 782 kWh | £311 | £78 | £390 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,624 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 1761 kWh | 1174 kWh | £467 | £117 | £584 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,486 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 2347 kWh | 1565 kWh | £623 | £156 | £779 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,348 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 2934 kWh | 1956 kWh | £778 | £196 | £974 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,209 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 3521 kWh | 2347 kWh | £934 | £235 | £1,169 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,071 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 4108 kWh | 2739 kWh | £1,090 | £274 | £1,364 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,933 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 4695 kWh | 3130 kWh | £1,246 | £313 | £1,559 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,795 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,055, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 1369 kWh | 587 kWh | £363 | £59 | £422 | £7,569 | 17.9 yrs | £871 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 2054 kWh | 880 kWh | £545 | £88 | £633 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,056 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 2739 kWh | 1174 kWh | £727 | £117 | £844 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,241 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 3423 kWh | 1467 kWh | £908 | £147 | £1,055 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,426 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 4108 kWh | 1761 kWh | £1,090 | £176 | £1,266 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,612 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 4793 kWh | 2054 kWh | £1,272 | £205 | £1,477 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,797 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 5477 kWh | 2347 kWh | £1,453 | £235 | £1,688 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,982 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,079, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 1428 kWh | 528 kWh | £379 | £53 | £432 | £9,319 | 21.6 yrs | £-685 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 2142 kWh | 792 kWh | £568 | £79 | £648 | £11,354 | 17.5 yrs | £1,597 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 2856 kWh | 1056 kWh | £758 | £106 | £863 | £13,388 | 15.5 yrs | £3,879 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 3570 kWh | 1320 kWh | £947 | £132 | £1,079 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,161 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 4284 kWh | 1585 kWh | £1,137 | £158 | £1,295 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,444 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 4998 kWh | 1849 kWh | £1,326 | £185 | £1,511 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,726 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 5712 kWh | 2113 kWh | £1,515 | £211 | £1,727 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £13,008 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,095, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 1467 kWh | 489 kWh | £389 | £49 | £438 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,306 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 2201 kWh | 734 kWh | £584 | £73 | £657 | £13,104 | 19.9 yrs | £41 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 2934 kWh | 978 kWh | £778 | £98 | £876 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,388 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 3668 kWh | 1223 kWh | £973 | £122 | £1,095 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,735 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 4401 kWh | 1467 kWh | £1,168 | £147 | £1,314 | £19,207 | 14.6 yrs | £7,082 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 5135 kWh | 1712 kWh | £1,362 | £171 | £1,534 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,429 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 5869 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,557 | £196 | £1,753 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,775 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,112, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1956 kWh | 1506 kWh | 450 kWh | £400 | £45 | £445 | £13,519 | 30.4 yrs | £-4,627 |
| 3 kW | 2934 kWh | 2259 kWh | 675 kWh | £599 | £67 | £667 | £15,554 | 23.3 yrs | £-2,215 |
| 4 kW | 3912 kWh | 3013 kWh | 900 kWh | £799 | £90 | £889 | £17,588 | 19.8 yrs | £196 |
| 5 kW | 4891 kWh | 3766 kWh | 1125 kWh | £999 | £112 | £1,112 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,608 |
| 6 kW | 5869 kWh | 4519 kWh | 1350 kWh | £1,199 | £135 | £1,334 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,020 |
| 7 kW | 6847 kWh | 5272 kWh | 1575 kWh | £1,399 | £157 | £1,556 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,431 |
| 8 kW | 7825 kWh | 6025 kWh | 1800 kWh | £1,598 | £180 | £1,778 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,843 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.