A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 983 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £816, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 786 kWh | 1180 kWh | £209 | £118 | £327 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,462 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 1180 kWh | 1769 kWh | £313 | £177 | £490 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,693 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 1573 kWh | 2359 kWh | £417 | £236 | £653 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,925 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 1966 kWh | 2949 kWh | £522 | £295 | £816 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,156 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 2359 kWh | 3539 kWh | £626 | £354 | £980 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,387 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 2752 kWh | 4128 kWh | £730 | £413 | £1,143 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,618 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 3145 kWh | 4718 kWh | £834 | £472 | £1,306 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,849 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £979, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 1180 kWh | 786 kWh | £313 | £79 | £392 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,662 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 1769 kWh | 1180 kWh | £469 | £118 | £587 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,543 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 2359 kWh | 1573 kWh | £626 | £157 | £783 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,424 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 2949 kWh | 1966 kWh | £782 | £197 | £979 | £12,273 | 12.5 yrs | £7,305 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 3539 kWh | 2359 kWh | £939 | £236 | £1,175 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,186 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 4128 kWh | 2752 kWh | £1,095 | £275 | £1,370 | £16,342 | 11.9 yrs | £11,067 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 4718 kWh | 3145 kWh | £1,252 | £315 | £1,566 | £18,376 | 11.7 yrs | £12,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 1376 kWh | 590 kWh | £365 | £59 | £424 | £7,569 | 17.8 yrs | £912 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 2064 kWh | 885 kWh | £548 | £88 | £636 | £9,604 | 15.1 yrs | £3,118 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 2752 kWh | 1180 kWh | £730 | £118 | £848 | £11,638 | 13.7 yrs | £5,324 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 3440 kWh | 1474 kWh | £913 | £147 | £1,060 | £13,673 | 12.9 yrs | £7,530 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 4128 kWh | 1769 kWh | £1,095 | £177 | £1,272 | £15,707 | 12.3 yrs | £9,736 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 4816 kWh | 2064 kWh | £1,278 | £206 | £1,484 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,942 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 5504 kWh | 2359 kWh | £1,460 | £236 | £1,696 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £14,148 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 1435 kWh | 531 kWh | £381 | £53 | £434 | £9,319 | 21.5 yrs | £-643 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 2153 kWh | 796 kWh | £571 | £80 | £651 | £11,354 | 17.4 yrs | £1,660 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 2870 kWh | 1062 kWh | £761 | £106 | £868 | £13,388 | 15.4 yrs | £3,964 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 3588 kWh | 1327 kWh | £952 | £133 | £1,084 | £15,423 | 14.2 yrs | £6,267 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 4305 kWh | 1592 kWh | £1,142 | £159 | £1,301 | £17,457 | 13.4 yrs | £8,571 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 5023 kWh | 1858 kWh | £1,333 | £186 | £1,518 | £19,492 | 12.8 yrs | £10,874 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 5740 kWh | 2123 kWh | £1,523 | £212 | £1,735 | £21,526 | 12.4 yrs | £13,178 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,101, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 1474 kWh | 491 kWh | £391 | £49 | £440 | £11,069 | 25.1 yrs | £-2,263 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 2212 kWh | 737 kWh | £587 | £74 | £660 | £13,104 | 19.8 yrs | £105 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 2949 kWh | 983 kWh | £782 | £98 | £881 | £15,138 | 17.2 yrs | £2,474 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 3686 kWh | 1229 kWh | £978 | £123 | £1,101 | £17,173 | 15.6 yrs | £4,842 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 4423 kWh | 1474 kWh | £1,173 | £147 | £1,321 | £19,207 | 14.5 yrs | £7,211 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 5160 kWh | 1720 kWh | £1,369 | £172 | £1,541 | £21,242 | 13.8 yrs | £9,579 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 5898 kWh | 1966 kWh | £1,565 | £197 | £1,761 | £23,276 | 13.2 yrs | £11,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,117, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1966 kWh | 1514 kWh | 452 kWh | £402 | £45 | £447 | £13,519 | 30.3 yrs | £-4,583 |
| 3 kW | 2949 kWh | 2271 kWh | 678 kWh | £602 | £68 | £670 | £15,554 | 23.2 yrs | £-2,150 |
| 4 kW | 3932 kWh | 3027 kWh | 904 kWh | £803 | £90 | £894 | £17,588 | 19.7 yrs | £284 |
| 5 kW | 4915 kWh | 3784 kWh | 1130 kWh | £1,004 | £113 | £1,117 | £19,623 | 17.6 yrs | £2,717 |
| 6 kW | 5898 kWh | 4541 kWh | 1356 kWh | £1,205 | £136 | £1,340 | £21,657 | 16.2 yrs | £5,151 |
| 7 kW | 6880 kWh | 5298 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,406 | £158 | £1,564 | £23,692 | 15.2 yrs | £7,584 |
| 8 kW | 7863 kWh | 6055 kWh | 1809 kWh | £1,606 | £181 | £1,787 | £25,726 | 14.4 yrs | £10,018 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.