A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 987 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £828, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 790 kWh | 1185 kWh | £213 | £118 | £331 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,553 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 1185 kWh | 1777 kWh | £319 | £178 | £497 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,829 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 1580 kWh | 2369 kWh | £425 | £237 | £662 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,106 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 1975 kWh | 2962 kWh | £532 | £296 | £828 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,382 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 2369 kWh | 3554 kWh | £638 | £355 | £993 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,659 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 2764 kWh | 4147 kWh | £744 | £415 | £1,159 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,935 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 3159 kWh | 4739 kWh | £850 | £474 | £1,324 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £995, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1185 kWh | 790 kWh | £319 | £79 | £398 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,789 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 1777 kWh | 1185 kWh | £478 | £118 | £597 | £8,204 | 13.7 yrs | £3,734 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 2369 kWh | 1580 kWh | £638 | £158 | £796 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,679 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 2962 kWh | 1975 kWh | £797 | £197 | £995 | £12,273 | 12.3 yrs | £7,623 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 3554 kWh | 2369 kWh | £957 | £237 | £1,194 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,568 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 4147 kWh | 2764 kWh | £1,116 | £276 | £1,393 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,513 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 4739 kWh | 3159 kWh | £1,276 | £316 | £1,592 | £18,376 | 11.5 yrs | £13,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,078, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1382 kWh | 592 kWh | £372 | £59 | £431 | £7,569 | 17.5 yrs | £1,058 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 2073 kWh | 889 kWh | £558 | £89 | £647 | £9,604 | 14.8 yrs | £3,336 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 2764 kWh | 1185 kWh | £744 | £118 | £863 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,615 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 3456 kWh | 1481 kWh | £930 | £148 | £1,078 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,894 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 4147 kWh | 1777 kWh | £1,116 | £178 | £1,294 | £15,707 | 12.1 yrs | £10,173 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 4838 kWh | 2073 kWh | £1,302 | £207 | £1,510 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,451 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 5529 kWh | 2369 kWh | £1,488 | £237 | £1,725 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,730 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,103, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1441 kWh | 533 kWh | £388 | £53 | £441 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-492 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 2162 kWh | 800 kWh | £582 | £80 | £662 | £11,354 | 17.1 yrs | £1,887 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 2883 kWh | 1066 kWh | £776 | £107 | £883 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,266 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 3604 kWh | 1333 kWh | £970 | £133 | £1,103 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,645 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 4324 kWh | 1599 kWh | £1,164 | £160 | £1,324 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £9,024 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 5045 kWh | 1866 kWh | £1,358 | £187 | £1,545 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,403 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 5766 kWh | 2133 kWh | £1,552 | £213 | £1,765 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,782 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,120, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1481 kWh | 494 kWh | £399 | £49 | £448 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,108 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 2221 kWh | 740 kWh | £598 | £74 | £672 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £337 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 2962 kWh | 987 kWh | £797 | £99 | £896 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,783 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 3702 kWh | 1234 kWh | £997 | £123 | £1,120 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,229 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 4443 kWh | 1481 kWh | £1,196 | £148 | £1,344 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,675 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 5183 kWh | 1728 kWh | £1,395 | £173 | £1,568 | £21,242 | 13.5 yrs | £10,121 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 5924 kWh | 1975 kWh | £1,595 | £197 | £1,792 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,566 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,137, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1975 kWh | 1520 kWh | 454 kWh | £409 | £45 | £455 | £13,519 | 29.7 yrs | £-4,425 |
| 3 kW | 2962 kWh | 2281 kWh | 681 kWh | £614 | £68 | £682 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,912 |
| 4 kW | 3949 kWh | 3041 kWh | 908 kWh | £819 | £91 | £909 | £17,588 | 19.3 yrs | £601 |
| 5 kW | 4936 kWh | 3801 kWh | 1135 kWh | £1,023 | £114 | £1,137 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,113 |
| 6 kW | 5924 kWh | 4561 kWh | 1362 kWh | £1,228 | £136 | £1,364 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,626 |
| 7 kW | 6911 kWh | 5321 kWh | 1590 kWh | £1,433 | £159 | £1,591 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,138 |
| 8 kW | 7898 kWh | 6082 kWh | 1817 kWh | £1,637 | £182 | £1,819 | £25,726 | 14.1 yrs | £10,651 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.