A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 993 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £824, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 794 kWh | 1191 kWh | £210 | £119 | £329 | £4,069 | 12.4 yrs | £2,519 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 1191 kWh | 1787 kWh | £315 | £179 | £494 | £6,104 | 12.4 yrs | £3,779 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 1588 kWh | 2382 kWh | £421 | £238 | £659 | £8,138 | 12.4 yrs | £5,039 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 1985 kWh | 2978 kWh | £526 | £298 | £824 | £10,173 | 12.4 yrs | £6,298 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 2382 kWh | 3574 kWh | £631 | £357 | £988 | £12,207 | 12.4 yrs | £7,558 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 2780 kWh | 4169 kWh | £736 | £417 | £1,153 | £14,242 | 12.4 yrs | £8,818 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 3177 kWh | 4765 kWh | £841 | £476 | £1,318 | £16,276 | 12.4 yrs | £10,077 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £987, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 1191 kWh | 794 kWh | £315 | £79 | £395 | £6,169 | 15.6 yrs | £1,728 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 1787 kWh | 1191 kWh | £473 | £119 | £592 | £8,204 | 13.9 yrs | £3,642 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 2382 kWh | 1588 kWh | £631 | £159 | £790 | £10,238 | 13.0 yrs | £5,556 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 2978 kWh | 1985 kWh | £789 | £199 | £987 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,470 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 3574 kWh | 2382 kWh | £946 | £238 | £1,185 | £14,307 | 12.1 yrs | £9,384 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 4169 kWh | 2780 kWh | £1,104 | £278 | £1,382 | £16,342 | 11.8 yrs | £11,298 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 4765 kWh | 3177 kWh | £1,262 | £318 | £1,579 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 1390 kWh | 596 kWh | £368 | £60 | £428 | £7,569 | 17.7 yrs | £982 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 2085 kWh | 893 kWh | £552 | £89 | £641 | £9,604 | 15.0 yrs | £3,224 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 2780 kWh | 1191 kWh | £736 | £119 | £855 | £11,638 | 13.6 yrs | £5,465 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 3474 kWh | 1489 kWh | £920 | £149 | £1,069 | £13,673 | 12.8 yrs | £7,706 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 4169 kWh | 1787 kWh | £1,104 | £179 | £1,283 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £9,947 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 4864 kWh | 2085 kWh | £1,288 | £208 | £1,497 | £17,742 | 11.9 yrs | £12,189 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 5559 kWh | 2382 kWh | £1,472 | £238 | £1,710 | £19,776 | 11.6 yrs | £14,430 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 1449 kWh | 536 kWh | £384 | £54 | £437 | £9,319 | 21.3 yrs | £-571 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 2174 kWh | 804 kWh | £576 | £80 | £656 | £11,354 | 17.3 yrs | £1,768 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 2899 kWh | 1072 kWh | £768 | £107 | £875 | £13,388 | 15.3 yrs | £4,108 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 3623 kWh | 1340 kWh | £959 | £134 | £1,093 | £15,423 | 14.1 yrs | £6,447 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 4348 kWh | 1608 kWh | £1,151 | £161 | £1,312 | £17,457 | 13.3 yrs | £8,786 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 5073 kWh | 1876 kWh | £1,343 | £188 | £1,531 | £19,492 | 12.7 yrs | £11,126 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 5797 kWh | 2144 kWh | £1,535 | £214 | £1,750 | £21,526 | 12.3 yrs | £13,465 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,110, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 1489 kWh | 496 kWh | £394 | £50 | £444 | £11,069 | 24.9 yrs | £-2,190 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 2234 kWh | 745 kWh | £591 | £74 | £666 | £13,104 | 19.7 yrs | £215 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 2978 kWh | 993 kWh | £789 | £99 | £888 | £15,138 | 17.0 yrs | £2,619 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 3723 kWh | 1241 kWh | £986 | £124 | £1,110 | £17,173 | 15.5 yrs | £5,024 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 4467 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,183 | £149 | £1,332 | £19,207 | 14.4 yrs | £7,429 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 5212 kWh | 1737 kWh | £1,380 | £174 | £1,554 | £21,242 | 13.7 yrs | £9,834 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 5956 kWh | 1985 kWh | £1,577 | £199 | £1,776 | £23,276 | 13.1 yrs | £12,239 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,126, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1985 kWh | 1529 kWh | 457 kWh | £405 | £46 | £450 | £13,519 | 30.0 yrs | £-4,509 |
| 3 kW | 2978 kWh | 2293 kWh | 685 kWh | £607 | £68 | £676 | £15,554 | 23.0 yrs | £-2,039 |
| 4 kW | 3971 kWh | 3058 kWh | 913 kWh | £810 | £91 | £901 | £17,588 | 19.5 yrs | £431 |
| 5 kW | 4964 kWh | 3822 kWh | 1142 kWh | £1,012 | £114 | £1,126 | £19,623 | 17.4 yrs | £2,901 |
| 6 kW | 5956 kWh | 4586 kWh | 1370 kWh | £1,214 | £137 | £1,351 | £21,657 | 16.0 yrs | £5,372 |
| 7 kW | 6949 kWh | 5351 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,417 | £160 | £1,577 | £23,692 | 15.0 yrs | £7,842 |
| 8 kW | 7942 kWh | 6115 kWh | 1827 kWh | £1,619 | £183 | £1,802 | £25,726 | 14.3 yrs | £10,312 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.