A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1035 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £858, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 828 kWh | 1242 kWh | £219 | £124 | £343 | £4,069 | 11.8 yrs | £2,799 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 1242 kWh | 1863 kWh | £329 | £186 | £515 | £6,104 | 11.8 yrs | £4,198 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 1656 kWh | 2484 kWh | £438 | £248 | £687 | £8,138 | 11.8 yrs | £5,597 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 2070 kWh | 3104 kWh | £548 | £310 | £858 | £10,173 | 11.8 yrs | £6,997 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 2484 kWh | 3725 kWh | £658 | £373 | £1,030 | £12,207 | 11.8 yrs | £8,396 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 2897 kWh | 4346 kWh | £767 | £435 | £1,202 | £14,242 | 11.8 yrs | £9,796 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 3311 kWh | 4967 kWh | £877 | £497 | £1,374 | £16,276 | 11.8 yrs | £11,195 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,029, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1242 kWh | 828 kWh | £329 | £83 | £412 | £6,169 | 15.0 yrs | £2,063 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 1863 kWh | 1242 kWh | £493 | £124 | £617 | £8,204 | 13.3 yrs | £4,145 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 2484 kWh | 1656 kWh | £658 | £166 | £823 | £10,238 | 12.4 yrs | £6,226 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 3104 kWh | 2070 kWh | £822 | £207 | £1,029 | £12,273 | 11.9 yrs | £8,308 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 3725 kWh | 2484 kWh | £986 | £248 | £1,235 | £14,307 | 11.6 yrs | £10,389 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 4346 kWh | 2897 kWh | £1,151 | £290 | £1,441 | £16,342 | 11.3 yrs | £12,471 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 4967 kWh | 3311 kWh | £1,315 | £331 | £1,646 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,552 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1449 kWh | 621 kWh | £384 | £62 | £446 | £7,569 | 17.0 yrs | £1,345 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2173 kWh | 931 kWh | £575 | £93 | £669 | £9,604 | 14.4 yrs | £3,768 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 2897 kWh | 1242 kWh | £767 | £124 | £891 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,190 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 3622 kWh | 1552 kWh | £959 | £155 | £1,114 | £13,673 | 12.3 yrs | £8,613 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 4346 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,151 | £186 | £1,337 | £15,707 | 11.7 yrs | £11,035 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 5071 kWh | 2173 kWh | £1,343 | £217 | £1,560 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,458 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 5795 kWh | 2484 kWh | £1,534 | £248 | £1,783 | £19,776 | 11.1 yrs | £15,881 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,140, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1511 kWh | 559 kWh | £400 | £56 | £456 | £9,319 | 20.4 yrs | £-200 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2266 kWh | 838 kWh | £600 | £84 | £684 | £11,354 | 16.6 yrs | £2,325 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 3022 kWh | 1118 kWh | £800 | £112 | £912 | £13,388 | 14.7 yrs | £4,850 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 3777 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,000 | £140 | £1,140 | £15,423 | 13.5 yrs | £7,375 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 4532 kWh | 1676 kWh | £1,200 | £168 | £1,368 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,899 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 5288 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,400 | £196 | £1,596 | £19,492 | 12.2 yrs | £12,424 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 6043 kWh | 2235 kWh | £1,600 | £224 | £1,824 | £21,526 | 11.8 yrs | £14,949 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1552 kWh | 517 kWh | £411 | £52 | £463 | £11,069 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,814 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2328 kWh | 776 kWh | £617 | £78 | £694 | £13,104 | 18.9 yrs | £779 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 3104 kWh | 1035 kWh | £822 | £103 | £926 | £15,138 | 16.4 yrs | £3,372 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 3880 kWh | 1294 kWh | £1,028 | £129 | £1,157 | £17,173 | 14.8 yrs | £5,966 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 4657 kWh | 1552 kWh | £1,233 | £155 | £1,388 | £19,207 | 13.8 yrs | £8,559 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 5433 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,439 | £181 | £1,620 | £21,242 | 13.1 yrs | £11,152 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 6209 kWh | 2070 kWh | £1,644 | £207 | £1,851 | £23,276 | 12.6 yrs | £13,745 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,174, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2070 kWh | 1594 kWh | 476 kWh | £422 | £48 | £470 | £13,519 | 28.8 yrs | £-4,127 |
| 3 kW | 3104 kWh | 2390 kWh | 714 kWh | £633 | £71 | £704 | £15,554 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,466 |
| 4 kW | 4139 kWh | 3187 kWh | 952 kWh | £844 | £95 | £939 | £17,588 | 18.7 yrs | £1,195 |
| 5 kW | 5174 kWh | 3984 kWh | 1190 kWh | £1,055 | £119 | £1,174 | £19,623 | 16.7 yrs | £3,857 |
| 6 kW | 6209 kWh | 4781 kWh | 1428 kWh | £1,266 | £143 | £1,409 | £21,657 | 15.4 yrs | £6,518 |
| 7 kW | 7244 kWh | 5578 kWh | 1666 kWh | £1,477 | £167 | £1,644 | £23,692 | 14.4 yrs | £9,179 |
| 8 kW | 8278 kWh | 6374 kWh | 1904 kWh | £1,688 | £190 | £1,878 | £25,726 | 13.7 yrs | £11,841 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.