A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 997 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.9p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £836, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 797 kWh | 1196 kWh | £215 | £120 | £334 | £4,069 | 12.2 yrs | £2,617 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 1196 kWh | 1794 kWh | £322 | £179 | £501 | £6,104 | 12.2 yrs | £3,925 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 1595 kWh | 2392 kWh | £429 | £239 | £669 | £8,138 | 12.2 yrs | £5,234 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 1994 kWh | 2991 kWh | £537 | £299 | £836 | £10,173 | 12.2 yrs | £6,542 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 2392 kWh | 3589 kWh | £644 | £359 | £1,003 | £12,207 | 12.2 yrs | £7,851 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 2791 kWh | 4187 kWh | £751 | £419 | £1,170 | £14,242 | 12.2 yrs | £9,159 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 3190 kWh | 4785 kWh | £859 | £478 | £1,337 | £16,276 | 12.2 yrs | £10,468 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 1196 kWh | 797 kWh | £322 | £80 | £402 | £6,169 | 15.4 yrs | £1,866 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 1794 kWh | 1196 kWh | £483 | £120 | £603 | £8,204 | 13.6 yrs | £3,849 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 2392 kWh | 1595 kWh | £644 | £159 | £804 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,833 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 2991 kWh | 1994 kWh | £805 | £199 | £1,004 | £12,273 | 12.2 yrs | £7,816 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 3589 kWh | 2392 kWh | £966 | £239 | £1,205 | £14,307 | 11.9 yrs | £9,799 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 4187 kWh | 2791 kWh | £1,127 | £279 | £1,406 | £16,342 | 11.6 yrs | £11,782 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 4785 kWh | 3190 kWh | £1,288 | £319 | £1,607 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,765 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,089, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 1396 kWh | 598 kWh | £376 | £60 | £435 | £7,569 | 17.4 yrs | £1,141 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 2093 kWh | 897 kWh | £564 | £90 | £653 | £9,604 | 14.7 yrs | £3,461 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 2791 kWh | 1196 kWh | £751 | £120 | £871 | £11,638 | 13.4 yrs | £5,782 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 3489 kWh | 1495 kWh | £939 | £150 | £1,089 | £13,673 | 12.6 yrs | £8,102 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 4187 kWh | 1794 kWh | £1,127 | £179 | £1,306 | £15,707 | 12.0 yrs | £10,423 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 4885 kWh | 2093 kWh | £1,315 | £209 | £1,524 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,743 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 5582 kWh | 2392 kWh | £1,503 | £239 | £1,742 | £19,776 | 11.4 yrs | £15,064 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,114, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 1455 kWh | 538 kWh | £392 | £54 | £446 | £9,319 | 20.9 yrs | £-407 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 2183 kWh | 807 kWh | £588 | £81 | £668 | £11,354 | 17.0 yrs | £2,015 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 2911 kWh | 1077 kWh | £784 | £108 | £891 | £13,388 | 15.0 yrs | £4,437 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 3638 kWh | 1346 kWh | £979 | £135 | £1,114 | £15,423 | 13.8 yrs | £6,858 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 4366 kWh | 1615 kWh | £1,175 | £161 | £1,337 | £17,457 | 13.1 yrs | £9,280 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 5094 kWh | 1884 kWh | £1,371 | £188 | £1,560 | £19,492 | 12.5 yrs | £11,702 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 5822 kWh | 2153 kWh | £1,567 | £215 | £1,782 | £21,526 | 12.1 yrs | £14,123 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,131, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 1495 kWh | 498 kWh | £403 | £50 | £452 | £11,069 | 24.5 yrs | £-2,022 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 2243 kWh | 748 kWh | £604 | £75 | £679 | £13,104 | 19.3 yrs | £467 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 2991 kWh | 997 kWh | £805 | £100 | £905 | £15,138 | 16.7 yrs | £2,957 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 3738 kWh | 1246 kWh | £1,006 | £125 | £1,131 | £17,173 | 15.2 yrs | £5,446 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 4486 kWh | 1495 kWh | £1,208 | £150 | £1,357 | £19,207 | 14.2 yrs | £7,935 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 5233 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,409 | £174 | £1,583 | £21,242 | 13.4 yrs | £10,424 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 5981 kWh | 1994 kWh | £1,610 | £199 | £1,809 | £23,276 | 12.9 yrs | £12,913 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,148, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1994 kWh | 1535 kWh | 459 kWh | £413 | £46 | £459 | £13,519 | 29.4 yrs | £-4,337 |
| 3 kW | 2991 kWh | 2303 kWh | 688 kWh | £620 | £69 | £689 | £15,554 | 22.6 yrs | £-1,780 |
| 4 kW | 3987 kWh | 3070 kWh | 917 kWh | £827 | £92 | £918 | £17,588 | 19.2 yrs | £776 |
| 5 kW | 4984 kWh | 3838 kWh | 1146 kWh | £1,033 | £115 | £1,148 | £19,623 | 17.1 yrs | £3,333 |
| 6 kW | 5981 kWh | 4605 kWh | 1376 kWh | £1,240 | £138 | £1,377 | £21,657 | 15.7 yrs | £5,890 |
| 7 kW | 6978 kWh | 5373 kWh | 1605 kWh | £1,446 | £160 | £1,607 | £23,692 | 14.7 yrs | £8,446 |
| 8 kW | 7975 kWh | 6141 kWh | 1834 kWh | £1,653 | £183 | £1,836 | £25,726 | 14.0 yrs | £11,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.