A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 969 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £787, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 775 kWh | 1162 kWh | £199 | £116 | £315 | £4,069 | 12.9 yrs | £2,230 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 1162 kWh | 1744 kWh | £298 | £174 | £472 | £6,104 | 12.9 yrs | £3,345 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 1550 kWh | 2325 kWh | £397 | £232 | £630 | £8,138 | 12.9 yrs | £4,460 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 1938 kWh | 2906 kWh | £497 | £291 | £787 | £10,173 | 12.9 yrs | £5,575 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 2325 kWh | 3488 kWh | £596 | £349 | £945 | £12,207 | 12.9 yrs | £6,691 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 2712 kWh | 4069 kWh | £695 | £407 | £1,102 | £14,242 | 12.9 yrs | £7,806 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 3100 kWh | 4650 kWh | £795 | £465 | £1,260 | £16,276 | 12.9 yrs | £8,921 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £939, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 1162 kWh | 775 kWh | £298 | £78 | £376 | £6,169 | 16.4 yrs | £1,342 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 1744 kWh | 1162 kWh | £447 | £116 | £563 | £8,204 | 14.6 yrs | £3,063 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 2325 kWh | 1550 kWh | £596 | £155 | £751 | £10,238 | 13.6 yrs | £4,785 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 2906 kWh | 1938 kWh | £745 | £194 | £939 | £12,273 | 13.1 yrs | £6,506 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 3488 kWh | 2325 kWh | £894 | £232 | £1,127 | £14,307 | 12.7 yrs | £8,227 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 4069 kWh | 2712 kWh | £1,043 | £271 | £1,314 | £16,342 | 12.4 yrs | £9,948 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 4650 kWh | 3100 kWh | £1,192 | £310 | £1,502 | £18,376 | 12.2 yrs | £11,669 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,015, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 1356 kWh | 581 kWh | £348 | £58 | £406 | £7,569 | 18.6 yrs | £548 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 2034 kWh | 872 kWh | £522 | £87 | £609 | £9,604 | 15.8 yrs | £2,572 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 2712 kWh | 1162 kWh | £695 | £116 | £812 | £11,638 | 14.3 yrs | £4,597 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 3391 kWh | 1453 kWh | £869 | £145 | £1,015 | £13,673 | 13.5 yrs | £6,621 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 4069 kWh | 1744 kWh | £1,043 | £174 | £1,218 | £15,707 | 12.9 yrs | £8,645 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 4747 kWh | 2034 kWh | £1,217 | £203 | £1,421 | £17,742 | 12.5 yrs | £10,669 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 5425 kWh | 2325 kWh | £1,391 | £232 | £1,623 | £19,776 | 12.2 yrs | £12,693 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,037, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 1414 kWh | 523 kWh | £363 | £52 | £415 | £9,319 | 22.5 yrs | £-1,020 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 2122 kWh | 785 kWh | £544 | £78 | £622 | £11,354 | 18.2 yrs | £1,095 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 2829 kWh | 1046 kWh | £725 | £105 | £830 | £13,388 | 16.1 yrs | £3,210 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 3536 kWh | 1308 kWh | £907 | £131 | £1,037 | £15,423 | 14.9 yrs | £5,325 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 4243 kWh | 1569 kWh | £1,088 | £157 | £1,245 | £17,457 | 14.0 yrs | £7,440 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 4950 kWh | 1831 kWh | £1,269 | £183 | £1,452 | £19,492 | 13.4 yrs | £9,556 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 5658 kWh | 2092 kWh | £1,451 | £209 | £1,660 | £21,526 | 13.0 yrs | £11,671 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,053, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 1453 kWh | 484 kWh | £373 | £48 | £421 | £11,069 | 26.3 yrs | £-2,649 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 2180 kWh | 727 kWh | £559 | £73 | £632 | £13,104 | 20.7 yrs | £-473 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 2906 kWh | 969 kWh | £745 | £97 | £842 | £15,138 | 18.0 yrs | £1,703 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 3633 kWh | 1211 kWh | £931 | £121 | £1,053 | £17,173 | 16.3 yrs | £3,878 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 4359 kWh | 1453 kWh | £1,118 | £145 | £1,263 | £19,207 | 15.2 yrs | £6,054 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 5086 kWh | 1695 kWh | £1,304 | £170 | £1,474 | £21,242 | 14.4 yrs | £8,230 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 5812 kWh | 1938 kWh | £1,490 | £194 | £1,684 | £23,276 | 13.8 yrs | £10,405 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,068, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1938 kWh | 1492 kWh | 446 kWh | £383 | £45 | £427 | £13,519 | 31.7 yrs | £-4,977 |
| 3 kW | 2906 kWh | 2238 kWh | 668 kWh | £574 | £67 | £641 | £15,554 | 24.3 yrs | £-2,741 |
| 4 kW | 3875 kWh | 2984 kWh | 891 kWh | £765 | £89 | £854 | £17,588 | 20.6 yrs | £-505 |
| 5 kW | 4844 kWh | 3730 kWh | 1114 kWh | £956 | £111 | £1,068 | £19,623 | 18.4 yrs | £1,731 |
| 6 kW | 5812 kWh | 4476 kWh | 1337 kWh | £1,148 | £134 | £1,281 | £21,657 | 16.9 yrs | £3,968 |
| 7 kW | 6781 kWh | 5222 kWh | 1560 kWh | £1,339 | £156 | £1,495 | £23,692 | 15.8 yrs | £6,204 |
| 8 kW | 7750 kWh | 5968 kWh | 1782 kWh | £1,530 | £178 | £1,708 | £25,726 | 15.1 yrs | £8,440 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.