A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 984 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 787 kWh | 1181 kWh | £202 | £118 | £320 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,329 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 1181 kWh | 1771 kWh | £303 | £177 | £480 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,494 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 1574 kWh | 2361 kWh | £404 | £236 | £640 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,658 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 1968 kWh | 2952 kWh | £505 | £295 | £800 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,823 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 2361 kWh | 3542 kWh | £605 | £354 | £960 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £6,987 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 2755 kWh | 4133 kWh | £706 | £413 | £1,120 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,152 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 3149 kWh | 4723 kWh | £807 | £472 | £1,280 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,316 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1181 kWh | 787 kWh | £303 | £79 | £381 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,460 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 1771 kWh | 1181 kWh | £454 | £118 | £572 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,240 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 2361 kWh | 1574 kWh | £605 | £157 | £763 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,020 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 2952 kWh | 1968 kWh | £757 | £197 | £954 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,800 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 3542 kWh | 2361 kWh | £908 | £236 | £1,144 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,580 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 4133 kWh | 2755 kWh | £1,060 | £276 | £1,335 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,360 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 4723 kWh | 3149 kWh | £1,211 | £315 | £1,526 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,141 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1378 kWh | 590 kWh | £353 | £59 | £412 | £7,569 | 18.4 yrs | £676 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2066 kWh | 886 kWh | £530 | £89 | £618 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,764 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 2755 kWh | 1181 kWh | £706 | £118 | £824 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,851 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 3444 kWh | 1476 kWh | £883 | £148 | £1,031 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,939 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 4133 kWh | 1771 kWh | £1,060 | £177 | £1,237 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,027 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 4821 kWh | 2066 kWh | £1,236 | £207 | £1,443 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,115 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 5510 kWh | 2361 kWh | £1,413 | £236 | £1,649 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,203 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1437 kWh | 531 kWh | £368 | £53 | £421 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-890 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2155 kWh | 797 kWh | £553 | £80 | £632 | £11,354 | 18.0 yrs | £1,291 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 2873 kWh | 1063 kWh | £737 | £106 | £843 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,471 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 3591 kWh | 1328 kWh | £921 | £133 | £1,054 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,651 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 4310 kWh | 1594 kWh | £1,105 | £159 | £1,264 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,831 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 5028 kWh | 1860 kWh | £1,289 | £186 | £1,475 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,011 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 5746 kWh | 2125 kWh | £1,473 | £213 | £1,686 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,191 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1476 kWh | 492 kWh | £378 | £49 | £428 | £11,069 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,517 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2214 kWh | 738 kWh | £568 | £74 | £641 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-275 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 2952 kWh | 984 kWh | £757 | £98 | £855 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £1,967 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 3690 kWh | 1230 kWh | £946 | £123 | £1,069 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,209 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 4428 kWh | 1476 kWh | £1,135 | £148 | £1,283 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,450 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 5166 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,324 | £172 | £1,497 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,692 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 5904 kWh | 1968 kWh | £1,514 | £197 | £1,710 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £10,934 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,084, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1515 kWh | 453 kWh | £389 | £45 | £434 | £13,519 | 31.2 yrs | £-4,843 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2273 kWh | 679 kWh | £583 | £68 | £651 | £15,554 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,540 |
| 4 kW | 3936 kWh | 3031 kWh | 905 kWh | £777 | £91 | £868 | £17,588 | 20.3 yrs | £-237 |
| 5 kW | 4920 kWh | 3788 kWh | 1132 kWh | £971 | £113 | £1,084 | £19,623 | 18.1 yrs | £2,066 |
| 6 kW | 5904 kWh | 4546 kWh | 1358 kWh | £1,166 | £136 | £1,301 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,370 |
| 7 kW | 6888 kWh | 5303 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,360 | £158 | £1,518 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,673 |
| 8 kW | 7872 kWh | 6061 kWh | 1810 kWh | £1,554 | £181 | £1,735 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £8,976 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.