A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 984 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £800, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 787 kWh | 1181 kWh | £202 | £118 | £320 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,330 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 1181 kWh | 1771 kWh | £303 | £177 | £480 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,496 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 1575 kWh | 2362 kWh | £404 | £236 | £640 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,661 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 1968 kWh | 2952 kWh | £505 | £295 | £800 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,826 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 2362 kWh | 3543 kWh | £606 | £354 | £960 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £6,991 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 2756 kWh | 4133 kWh | £707 | £413 | £1,120 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,156 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 3149 kWh | 4724 kWh | £807 | £472 | £1,280 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,322 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £954, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1181 kWh | 787 kWh | £303 | £79 | £382 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,462 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 1771 kWh | 1181 kWh | £454 | £118 | £572 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,243 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 2362 kWh | 1575 kWh | £606 | £157 | £763 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,024 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 2952 kWh | 1968 kWh | £757 | £197 | £954 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,804 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 3543 kWh | 2362 kWh | £908 | £236 | £1,145 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,585 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 4133 kWh | 2756 kWh | £1,060 | £276 | £1,335 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,366 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 4724 kWh | 3149 kWh | £1,211 | £315 | £1,526 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,147 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,031, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1378 kWh | 590 kWh | £353 | £59 | £412 | £7,569 | 18.4 yrs | £677 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2067 kWh | 886 kWh | £530 | £89 | £618 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,766 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 2756 kWh | 1181 kWh | £707 | £118 | £825 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,855 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 3445 kWh | 1476 kWh | £883 | £148 | £1,031 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,944 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 4133 kWh | 1771 kWh | £1,060 | £177 | £1,237 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,032 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 4822 kWh | 2067 kWh | £1,236 | £207 | £1,443 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,121 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 5511 kWh | 2362 kWh | £1,413 | £236 | £1,649 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,210 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,054, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1437 kWh | 531 kWh | £368 | £53 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-888 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2155 kWh | 797 kWh | £553 | £80 | £632 | £11,354 | 18.0 yrs | £1,293 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 2874 kWh | 1063 kWh | £737 | £106 | £843 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,474 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 3592 kWh | 1329 kWh | £921 | £133 | £1,054 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,655 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 4311 kWh | 1594 kWh | £1,105 | £159 | £1,265 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,836 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 5029 kWh | 1860 kWh | £1,289 | £186 | £1,475 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,018 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 5747 kWh | 2126 kWh | £1,474 | £213 | £1,686 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1476 kWh | 492 kWh | £379 | £49 | £428 | £11,069 | 25.9 yrs | £-2,515 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2214 kWh | 738 kWh | £568 | £74 | £642 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-272 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 2952 kWh | 984 kWh | £757 | £98 | £855 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £1,971 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 3691 kWh | 1230 kWh | £946 | £123 | £1,069 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,213 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 4429 kWh | 1476 kWh | £1,136 | £148 | £1,283 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,456 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 5167 kWh | 1722 kWh | £1,325 | £172 | £1,497 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,699 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 5905 kWh | 1968 kWh | £1,514 | £197 | £1,711 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £10,941 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,085, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1968 kWh | 1516 kWh | 453 kWh | £389 | £45 | £434 | £13,519 | 31.2 yrs | £-4,842 |
| 3 kW | 2952 kWh | 2273 kWh | 679 kWh | £583 | £68 | £651 | £15,554 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,537 |
| 4 kW | 3937 kWh | 3031 kWh | 905 kWh | £777 | £91 | £868 | £17,588 | 20.3 yrs | £-233 |
| 5 kW | 4921 kWh | 3789 kWh | 1132 kWh | £972 | £113 | £1,085 | £19,623 | 18.1 yrs | £2,071 |
| 6 kW | 5905 kWh | 4547 kWh | 1358 kWh | £1,166 | £136 | £1,302 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,375 |
| 7 kW | 6889 kWh | 5305 kWh | 1584 kWh | £1,360 | £158 | £1,519 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,680 |
| 8 kW | 7873 kWh | 6062 kWh | 1811 kWh | £1,554 | £181 | £1,735 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £8,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.