A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 976 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £793, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 781 kWh | 1171 kWh | £200 | £117 | £317 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,278 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 1171 kWh | 1757 kWh | £300 | £176 | £476 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,416 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 1562 kWh | 2342 kWh | £400 | £234 | £635 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,555 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 1952 kWh | 2928 kWh | £501 | £293 | £793 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,694 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 2342 kWh | 3514 kWh | £601 | £351 | £952 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,833 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 2733 kWh | 4099 kWh | £701 | £410 | £1,111 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £7,972 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 3123 kWh | 4685 kWh | £801 | £468 | £1,269 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,110 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £946, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 1171 kWh | 781 kWh | £300 | £78 | £378 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,399 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 1757 kWh | 1171 kWh | £450 | £117 | £568 | £8,204 | 14.5 yrs | £3,148 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 2342 kWh | 1562 kWh | £601 | £156 | £757 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,898 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 2928 kWh | 1952 kWh | £751 | £195 | £946 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,647 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 3514 kWh | 2342 kWh | £901 | £234 | £1,135 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,396 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 4099 kWh | 2733 kWh | £1,051 | £273 | £1,324 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,146 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 4685 kWh | 3123 kWh | £1,201 | £312 | £1,514 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £11,895 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,022, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 1366 kWh | 586 kWh | £350 | £59 | £409 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £609 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 2050 kWh | 878 kWh | £526 | £88 | £613 | £9,604 | 15.7 yrs | £2,664 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 2733 kWh | 1171 kWh | £701 | £117 | £818 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,719 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 3416 kWh | 1464 kWh | £876 | £146 | £1,022 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,774 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 4099 kWh | 1757 kWh | £1,051 | £176 | £1,227 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,828 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 4783 kWh | 2050 kWh | £1,226 | £205 | £1,431 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,883 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 5466 kWh | 2342 kWh | £1,401 | £234 | £1,636 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,938 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,045, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 1425 kWh | 527 kWh | £365 | £53 | £418 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-957 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 2138 kWh | 791 kWh | £548 | £79 | £627 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,189 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 2850 kWh | 1054 kWh | £731 | £105 | £836 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,335 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 3563 kWh | 1318 kWh | £913 | £132 | £1,045 | £15,423 | 14.8 yrs | £5,481 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 4275 kWh | 1581 kWh | £1,096 | £158 | £1,254 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,628 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 4988 kWh | 1845 kWh | £1,279 | £184 | £1,463 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,774 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 5700 kWh | 2108 kWh | £1,461 | £211 | £1,672 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,920 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,060, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 1464 kWh | 488 kWh | £375 | £49 | £424 | £11,069 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,585 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 2196 kWh | 732 kWh | £563 | £73 | £636 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-378 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 2928 kWh | 976 kWh | £751 | £98 | £848 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,829 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 3660 kWh | 1220 kWh | £938 | £122 | £1,060 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £4,037 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 4392 kWh | 1464 kWh | £1,126 | £146 | £1,273 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,244 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 5124 kWh | 1708 kWh | £1,314 | £171 | £1,485 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,452 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 5856 kWh | 1952 kWh | £1,502 | £195 | £1,697 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,659 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1952 kWh | 1503 kWh | 449 kWh | £385 | £45 | £430 | £13,519 | 31.4 yrs | £-4,913 |
| 3 kW | 2928 kWh | 2255 kWh | 673 kWh | £578 | £67 | £645 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,645 |
| 4 kW | 3904 kWh | 3006 kWh | 898 kWh | £771 | £90 | £861 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-376 |
| 5 kW | 4880 kWh | 3758 kWh | 1122 kWh | £963 | £112 | £1,076 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,892 |
| 6 kW | 5856 kWh | 4509 kWh | 1347 kWh | £1,156 | £135 | £1,291 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,161 |
| 7 kW | 6832 kWh | 5261 kWh | 1571 kWh | £1,349 | £157 | £1,506 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,429 |
| 8 kW | 7808 kWh | 6012 kWh | 1796 kWh | £1,542 | £180 | £1,721 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,697 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.