A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 980 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £797, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 784 kWh | 1176 kWh | £201 | £118 | £319 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,305 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 1176 kWh | 1764 kWh | £302 | £176 | £478 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,457 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 1568 kWh | 2353 kWh | £402 | £235 | £637 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,610 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 1960 kWh | 2941 kWh | £503 | £294 | £797 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,762 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 2353 kWh | 3529 kWh | £603 | £353 | £956 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,914 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 2745 kWh | 4117 kWh | £704 | £412 | £1,115 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £8,067 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 3137 kWh | 4705 kWh | £804 | £471 | £1,275 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,219 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £950, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 1176 kWh | 784 kWh | £302 | £78 | £380 | £6,169 | 16.2 yrs | £1,431 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 1764 kWh | 1176 kWh | £452 | £118 | £570 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,197 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 2353 kWh | 1568 kWh | £603 | £157 | £760 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,962 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 2941 kWh | 1960 kWh | £754 | £196 | £950 | £12,273 | 12.9 yrs | £6,728 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 3529 kWh | 2353 kWh | £905 | £235 | £1,140 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,494 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 4117 kWh | 2745 kWh | £1,056 | £274 | £1,330 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,259 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 4705 kWh | 3137 kWh | £1,206 | £314 | £1,520 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £12,025 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,027, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 1372 kWh | 588 kWh | £352 | £59 | £411 | £7,569 | 18.4 yrs | £644 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2058 kWh | 882 kWh | £528 | £88 | £616 | £9,604 | 15.6 yrs | £2,717 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 2745 kWh | 1176 kWh | £704 | £118 | £821 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,789 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 3431 kWh | 1470 kWh | £880 | £147 | £1,027 | £13,673 | 13.3 yrs | £6,861 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 4117 kWh | 1764 kWh | £1,056 | £176 | £1,232 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £8,933 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 4803 kWh | 2058 kWh | £1,232 | £206 | £1,437 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,006 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 5489 kWh | 2353 kWh | £1,407 | £235 | £1,643 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,078 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,050, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 1431 kWh | 529 kWh | £367 | £53 | £420 | £9,319 | 22.2 yrs | £-922 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2147 kWh | 794 kWh | £550 | £79 | £630 | £11,354 | 18.0 yrs | £1,243 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 2862 kWh | 1059 kWh | £734 | £106 | £840 | £13,388 | 15.9 yrs | £3,407 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 3578 kWh | 1323 kWh | £917 | £132 | £1,050 | £15,423 | 14.7 yrs | £5,571 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 4293 kWh | 1588 kWh | £1,101 | £159 | £1,260 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,735 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 5009 kWh | 1853 kWh | £1,284 | £185 | £1,470 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,899 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 5724 kWh | 2117 kWh | £1,468 | £212 | £1,679 | £21,526 | 12.8 yrs | £12,064 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,065, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 1470 kWh | 490 kWh | £377 | £49 | £426 | £11,069 | 26.0 yrs | £-2,549 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2205 kWh | 735 kWh | £565 | £74 | £639 | £13,104 | 20.5 yrs | £-323 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 2941 kWh | 980 kWh | £754 | £98 | £852 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,902 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 3676 kWh | 1225 kWh | £942 | £123 | £1,065 | £17,173 | 16.1 yrs | £4,128 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 4411 kWh | 1470 kWh | £1,131 | £147 | £1,278 | £19,207 | 15.0 yrs | £6,353 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 5146 kWh | 1715 kWh | £1,319 | £172 | £1,491 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,579 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 5881 kWh | 1960 kWh | £1,508 | £196 | £1,704 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,804 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,080, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1960 kWh | 1510 kWh | 451 kWh | £387 | £45 | £432 | £13,519 | 31.3 yrs | £-4,876 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2264 kWh | 676 kWh | £581 | £68 | £648 | £15,554 | 24.0 yrs | £-2,589 |
| 4 kW | 3921 kWh | 3019 kWh | 902 kWh | £774 | £90 | £864 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-303 |
| 5 kW | 4901 kWh | 3774 kWh | 1127 kWh | £968 | £113 | £1,080 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,984 |
| 6 kW | 5881 kWh | 4529 kWh | 1353 kWh | £1,161 | £135 | £1,296 | £21,657 | 16.7 yrs | £4,271 |
| 7 kW | 6862 kWh | 5283 kWh | 1578 kWh | £1,355 | £158 | £1,512 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,558 |
| 8 kW | 7842 kWh | 6038 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,548 | £180 | £1,729 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,845 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.