A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 977 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £794, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 781 kWh | 1172 kWh | £200 | £117 | £318 | £4,069 | 12.8 yrs | £2,283 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 1172 kWh | 1758 kWh | £301 | £176 | £476 | £6,104 | 12.8 yrs | £3,424 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 1563 kWh | 2344 kWh | £401 | £234 | £635 | £8,138 | 12.8 yrs | £4,566 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 1954 kWh | 2931 kWh | £501 | £293 | £794 | £10,173 | 12.8 yrs | £5,707 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 2344 kWh | 3517 kWh | £601 | £352 | £953 | £12,207 | 12.8 yrs | £6,849 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 2735 kWh | 4103 kWh | £701 | £410 | £1,112 | £14,242 | 12.8 yrs | £7,990 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 3126 kWh | 4689 kWh | £801 | £469 | £1,270 | £16,276 | 12.8 yrs | £9,132 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £947, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1172 kWh | 781 kWh | £301 | £78 | £379 | £6,169 | 16.3 yrs | £1,405 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 1758 kWh | 1172 kWh | £451 | £117 | £568 | £8,204 | 14.4 yrs | £3,158 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 2344 kWh | 1563 kWh | £601 | £156 | £757 | £10,238 | 13.5 yrs | £4,910 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 2931 kWh | 1954 kWh | £751 | £195 | £947 | £12,273 | 13.0 yrs | £6,663 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 3517 kWh | 2344 kWh | £902 | £234 | £1,136 | £14,307 | 12.6 yrs | £8,415 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 4103 kWh | 2735 kWh | £1,052 | £274 | £1,325 | £16,342 | 12.3 yrs | £10,168 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 4689 kWh | 3126 kWh | £1,202 | £313 | £1,515 | £18,376 | 12.1 yrs | £11,921 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,023, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1368 kWh | 586 kWh | £351 | £59 | £409 | £7,569 | 18.5 yrs | £616 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2051 kWh | 879 kWh | £526 | £88 | £614 | £9,604 | 15.6 yrs | £2,674 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 2735 kWh | 1172 kWh | £701 | £117 | £819 | £11,638 | 14.2 yrs | £4,733 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 3419 kWh | 1465 kWh | £877 | £147 | £1,023 | £13,673 | 13.4 yrs | £6,791 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 4103 kWh | 1758 kWh | £1,052 | £176 | £1,228 | £15,707 | 12.8 yrs | £8,849 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 4787 kWh | 2051 kWh | £1,227 | £205 | £1,432 | £17,742 | 12.4 yrs | £10,907 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 5470 kWh | 2344 kWh | £1,403 | £234 | £1,637 | £19,776 | 12.1 yrs | £12,965 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,046, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1426 kWh | 528 kWh | £366 | £53 | £418 | £9,319 | 22.3 yrs | £-950 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2139 kWh | 791 kWh | £549 | £79 | £628 | £11,354 | 18.1 yrs | £1,199 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 2852 kWh | 1055 kWh | £731 | £106 | £837 | £13,388 | 16.0 yrs | £3,349 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 3566 kWh | 1319 kWh | £914 | £132 | £1,046 | £15,423 | 14.7 yrs | £5,499 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 4279 kWh | 1583 kWh | £1,097 | £158 | £1,255 | £17,457 | 13.9 yrs | £7,649 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 4992 kWh | 1846 kWh | £1,280 | £185 | £1,465 | £19,492 | 13.3 yrs | £9,799 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 5705 kWh | 2110 kWh | £1,463 | £211 | £1,674 | £21,526 | 12.9 yrs | £11,948 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,061, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1465 kWh | 488 kWh | £376 | £49 | £425 | £11,069 | 26.1 yrs | £-2,578 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2198 kWh | 733 kWh | £564 | £73 | £637 | £13,104 | 20.6 yrs | £-367 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 2931 kWh | 977 kWh | £751 | £98 | £849 | £15,138 | 17.8 yrs | £1,844 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 3663 kWh | 1221 kWh | £939 | £122 | £1,061 | £17,173 | 16.2 yrs | £4,055 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 4396 kWh | 1465 kWh | £1,127 | £147 | £1,274 | £19,207 | 15.1 yrs | £6,266 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 5129 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,315 | £171 | £1,486 | £21,242 | 14.3 yrs | £8,476 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 5861 kWh | 1954 kWh | £1,503 | £195 | £1,698 | £23,276 | 13.7 yrs | £10,687 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1954 kWh | 1504 kWh | 449 kWh | £386 | £45 | £431 | £13,519 | 31.4 yrs | £-4,906 |
| 3 kW | 2931 kWh | 2257 kWh | 674 kWh | £579 | £67 | £646 | £15,554 | 24.1 yrs | £-2,634 |
| 4 kW | 3907 kWh | 3009 kWh | 899 kWh | £771 | £90 | £861 | £17,588 | 20.4 yrs | £-362 |
| 5 kW | 4884 kWh | 3761 kWh | 1123 kWh | £964 | £112 | £1,077 | £19,623 | 18.2 yrs | £1,910 |
| 6 kW | 5861 kWh | 4513 kWh | 1348 kWh | £1,157 | £135 | £1,292 | £21,657 | 16.8 yrs | £4,182 |
| 7 kW | 6838 kWh | 5265 kWh | 1573 kWh | £1,350 | £157 | £1,507 | £23,692 | 15.7 yrs | £6,454 |
| 8 kW | 7815 kWh | 6017 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,543 | £180 | £1,723 | £25,726 | 14.9 yrs | £8,726 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.