A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 810 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £681, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 648 kWh | 971 kWh | £175 | £97 | £272 | £4,069 | 14.9 yrs | £1,379 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 971 kWh | 1457 kWh | £263 | £146 | £409 | £6,104 | 14.9 yrs | £2,068 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 1295 kWh | 1943 kWh | £350 | £194 | £545 | £8,138 | 14.9 yrs | £2,757 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 1619 kWh | 2429 kWh | £438 | £243 | £681 | £10,173 | 14.9 yrs | £3,447 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 1943 kWh | 2914 kWh | £526 | £291 | £817 | £12,207 | 14.9 yrs | £4,136 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 2267 kWh | 3400 kWh | £613 | £340 | £953 | £14,242 | 14.9 yrs | £4,826 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 2590 kWh | 3886 kWh | £701 | £389 | £1,090 | £16,276 | 14.9 yrs | £5,515 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £819, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 971 kWh | 648 kWh | £263 | £65 | £328 | £6,169 | 18.8 yrs | £384 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 1457 kWh | 971 kWh | £394 | £97 | £491 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,625 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 1943 kWh | 1295 kWh | £526 | £130 | £655 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,867 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 2429 kWh | 1619 kWh | £657 | £162 | £819 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,109 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 2914 kWh | 1943 kWh | £789 | £194 | £983 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,351 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 3400 kWh | 2267 kWh | £920 | £227 | £1,147 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,592 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 3886 kWh | 2590 kWh | £1,051 | £259 | £1,311 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,834 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1133 kWh | 486 kWh | £307 | £49 | £355 | £7,569 | 21.3 yrs | £-464 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 1700 kWh | 729 kWh | £460 | £73 | £533 | £9,604 | 18.0 yrs | £1,054 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 2267 kWh | 971 kWh | £613 | £97 | £710 | £11,638 | 16.4 yrs | £2,572 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 2833 kWh | 1214 kWh | £767 | £121 | £888 | £13,673 | 15.4 yrs | £4,090 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 3400 kWh | 1457 kWh | £920 | £146 | £1,066 | £15,707 | 14.7 yrs | £5,608 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 3967 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,073 | £170 | £1,243 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £7,126 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 4533 kWh | 1943 kWh | £1,227 | £194 | £1,421 | £19,776 | 13.9 yrs | £8,644 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £909, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1182 kWh | 437 kWh | £320 | £44 | £364 | £9,319 | 25.6 yrs | £-2,048 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 1773 kWh | 656 kWh | £480 | £66 | £545 | £11,354 | 20.8 yrs | £-447 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 2364 kWh | 874 kWh | £640 | £87 | £727 | £13,388 | 18.4 yrs | £1,153 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 2955 kWh | 1093 kWh | £800 | £109 | £909 | £15,423 | 17.0 yrs | £2,754 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 3546 kWh | 1311 kWh | £959 | £131 | £1,091 | £17,457 | 16.0 yrs | £4,355 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 4137 kWh | 1530 kWh | £1,119 | £153 | £1,272 | £19,492 | 15.3 yrs | £5,956 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 4728 kWh | 1749 kWh | £1,279 | £175 | £1,454 | £21,526 | 14.8 yrs | £7,557 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £923, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1214 kWh | 405 kWh | £329 | £40 | £369 | £11,069 | 30.0 yrs | £-3,688 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 1821 kWh | 607 kWh | £493 | £61 | £554 | £13,104 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,032 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 2429 kWh | 810 kWh | £657 | £81 | £738 | £15,138 | 20.5 yrs | £-376 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 3036 kWh | 1012 kWh | £821 | £101 | £923 | £17,173 | 18.6 yrs | £1,280 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 3643 kWh | 1214 kWh | £986 | £121 | £1,107 | £19,207 | 17.3 yrs | £2,937 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 4250 kWh | 1417 kWh | £1,150 | £142 | £1,292 | £21,242 | 16.4 yrs | £4,593 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 4857 kWh | 1619 kWh | £1,314 | £162 | £1,476 | £23,276 | 15.8 yrs | £6,249 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £936, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1619 kWh | 1247 kWh | 372 kWh | £337 | £37 | £375 | £13,519 | 36.1 yrs | £-6,027 |
| 3 kW | 2429 kWh | 1870 kWh | 559 kWh | £506 | £56 | £562 | £15,554 | 27.7 yrs | £-4,316 |
| 4 kW | 3238 kWh | 2493 kWh | 745 kWh | £675 | £74 | £749 | £17,588 | 23.5 yrs | £-2,605 |
| 5 kW | 4048 kWh | 3117 kWh | 931 kWh | £843 | £93 | £936 | £19,623 | 21.0 yrs | £-893 |
| 6 kW | 4857 kWh | 3740 kWh | 1117 kWh | £1,012 | £112 | £1,124 | £21,657 | 19.3 yrs | £818 |
| 7 kW | 5667 kWh | 4363 kWh | 1303 kWh | £1,181 | £130 | £1,311 | £23,692 | 18.1 yrs | £2,529 |
| 8 kW | 6476 kWh | 4987 kWh | 1490 kWh | £1,349 | £149 | £1,498 | £25,726 | 17.2 yrs | £4,241 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.