A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 980 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £826, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 784 kWh | 1176 kWh | £213 | £118 | £330 | £4,069 | 12.3 yrs | £2,536 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 1176 kWh | 1765 kWh | £319 | £176 | £495 | £6,104 | 12.3 yrs | £3,805 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 1569 kWh | 2353 kWh | £425 | £235 | £661 | £8,138 | 12.3 yrs | £5,073 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 1961 kWh | 2941 kWh | £532 | £294 | £826 | £10,173 | 12.3 yrs | £6,341 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 2353 kWh | 3529 kWh | £638 | £353 | £991 | £12,207 | 12.3 yrs | £7,609 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 2745 kWh | 4118 kWh | £744 | £412 | £1,156 | £14,242 | 12.3 yrs | £8,877 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 3137 kWh | 4706 kWh | £850 | £471 | £1,321 | £16,276 | 12.3 yrs | £10,146 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £993, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 1176 kWh | 784 kWh | £319 | £78 | £397 | £6,169 | 15.5 yrs | £1,778 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 1765 kWh | 1176 kWh | £478 | £118 | £596 | £8,204 | 13.8 yrs | £3,717 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 2353 kWh | 1569 kWh | £638 | £157 | £795 | £10,238 | 12.9 yrs | £5,657 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 2941 kWh | 1961 kWh | £797 | £196 | £993 | £12,273 | 12.4 yrs | £7,596 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 3529 kWh | 2353 kWh | £957 | £235 | £1,192 | £14,307 | 12.0 yrs | £9,535 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 4118 kWh | 2745 kWh | £1,116 | £275 | £1,391 | £16,342 | 11.7 yrs | £11,474 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 4706 kWh | 3137 kWh | £1,276 | £314 | £1,589 | £18,376 | 11.6 yrs | £13,413 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 1373 kWh | 588 kWh | £372 | £59 | £431 | £7,569 | 17.6 yrs | £1,049 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2059 kWh | 882 kWh | £558 | £88 | £646 | £9,604 | 14.9 yrs | £3,324 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 2745 kWh | 1176 kWh | £744 | £118 | £862 | £11,638 | 13.5 yrs | £5,599 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 3431 kWh | 1471 kWh | £930 | £147 | £1,077 | £13,673 | 12.7 yrs | £7,873 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 4118 kWh | 1765 kWh | £1,116 | £176 | £1,293 | £15,707 | 12.2 yrs | £10,148 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 4804 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,302 | £206 | £1,508 | £17,742 | 11.8 yrs | £12,423 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 5490 kWh | 2353 kWh | £1,488 | £235 | £1,724 | £19,776 | 11.5 yrs | £14,697 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,102, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 1431 kWh | 529 kWh | £388 | £53 | £441 | £9,319 | 21.1 yrs | £-499 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2147 kWh | 794 kWh | £582 | £79 | £661 | £11,354 | 17.2 yrs | £1,876 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 2863 kWh | 1059 kWh | £776 | £106 | £882 | £13,388 | 15.2 yrs | £4,251 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 3578 kWh | 1324 kWh | £970 | £132 | £1,102 | £15,423 | 14.0 yrs | £6,626 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 4294 kWh | 1588 kWh | £1,164 | £159 | £1,323 | £17,457 | 13.2 yrs | £9,002 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 5010 kWh | 1853 kWh | £1,358 | £185 | £1,543 | £19,492 | 12.6 yrs | £11,377 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 5725 kWh | 2118 kWh | £1,552 | £212 | £1,764 | £21,526 | 12.2 yrs | £13,752 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,119, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 1471 kWh | 490 kWh | £399 | £49 | £448 | £11,069 | 24.7 yrs | £-2,115 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2206 kWh | 735 kWh | £598 | £74 | £672 | £13,104 | 19.5 yrs | £327 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 2941 kWh | 980 kWh | £797 | £98 | £895 | £15,138 | 16.9 yrs | £2,770 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 3676 kWh | 1225 kWh | £997 | £123 | £1,119 | £17,173 | 15.3 yrs | £5,212 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 4412 kWh | 1471 kWh | £1,196 | £147 | £1,343 | £19,207 | 14.3 yrs | £7,654 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 5147 kWh | 1716 kWh | £1,395 | £172 | £1,567 | £21,242 | 13.6 yrs | £10,097 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 5882 kWh | 1961 kWh | £1,595 | £196 | £1,791 | £23,276 | 13.0 yrs | £12,539 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,136, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1961 kWh | 1510 kWh | 451 kWh | £409 | £45 | £454 | £13,519 | 29.8 yrs | £-4,431 |
| 3 kW | 2941 kWh | 2265 kWh | 676 kWh | £614 | £68 | £682 | £15,554 | 22.8 yrs | £-1,922 |
| 4 kW | 3922 kWh | 3020 kWh | 902 kWh | £819 | £90 | £909 | £17,588 | 19.4 yrs | £588 |
| 5 kW | 4902 kWh | 3774 kWh | 1127 kWh | £1,023 | £113 | £1,136 | £19,623 | 17.3 yrs | £3,097 |
| 6 kW | 5882 kWh | 4529 kWh | 1353 kWh | £1,228 | £135 | £1,363 | £21,657 | 15.9 yrs | £5,607 |
| 7 kW | 6863 kWh | 5284 kWh | 1578 kWh | £1,433 | £158 | £1,590 | £23,692 | 14.9 yrs | £8,116 |
| 8 kW | 7843 kWh | 6039 kWh | 1804 kWh | £1,637 | £180 | £1,818 | £25,726 | 14.2 yrs | £10,626 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.