A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 998 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £841, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 798 kWh | 1198 kWh | £216 | £120 | £336 | £4,069 | 12.1 yrs | £2,656 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 1198 kWh | 1797 kWh | £325 | £180 | £504 | £6,104 | 12.1 yrs | £3,984 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 1597 kWh | 2395 kWh | £433 | £240 | £672 | £8,138 | 12.1 yrs | £5,312 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 1996 kWh | 2994 kWh | £541 | £299 | £841 | £10,173 | 12.1 yrs | £6,639 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 2395 kWh | 3593 kWh | £649 | £359 | £1,009 | £12,207 | 12.1 yrs | £7,967 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 2795 kWh | 4192 kWh | £758 | £419 | £1,177 | £14,242 | 12.1 yrs | £9,295 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 3194 kWh | 4791 kWh | £866 | £479 | £1,345 | £16,276 | 12.1 yrs | £10,623 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,011, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 1198 kWh | 798 kWh | £325 | £80 | £405 | £6,169 | 15.2 yrs | £1,922 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 1797 kWh | 1198 kWh | £487 | £120 | £607 | £8,204 | 13.5 yrs | £3,933 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 2395 kWh | 1597 kWh | £649 | £160 | £809 | £10,238 | 12.7 yrs | £5,944 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 2994 kWh | 1996 kWh | £812 | £200 | £1,011 | £12,273 | 12.1 yrs | £7,955 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 3593 kWh | 2395 kWh | £974 | £240 | £1,214 | £14,307 | 11.8 yrs | £9,966 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 4192 kWh | 2795 kWh | £1,136 | £279 | £1,416 | £16,342 | 11.5 yrs | £11,977 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 4791 kWh | 3194 kWh | £1,299 | £319 | £1,618 | £18,376 | 11.4 yrs | £13,988 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,097, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 1397 kWh | 599 kWh | £379 | £60 | £439 | £7,569 | 17.3 yrs | £1,205 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 2096 kWh | 898 kWh | £568 | £90 | £658 | £9,604 | 14.6 yrs | £3,558 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 2795 kWh | 1198 kWh | £758 | £120 | £877 | £11,638 | 13.3 yrs | £5,910 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 3493 kWh | 1497 kWh | £947 | £150 | £1,097 | £13,673 | 12.5 yrs | £8,263 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 4192 kWh | 1797 kWh | £1,136 | £180 | £1,316 | £15,707 | 11.9 yrs | £10,615 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 4891 kWh | 2096 kWh | £1,326 | £210 | £1,535 | £17,742 | 11.6 yrs | £12,968 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 5589 kWh | 2395 kWh | £1,515 | £240 | £1,755 | £19,776 | 11.3 yrs | £15,320 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,122, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 1457 kWh | 539 kWh | £395 | £54 | £449 | £9,319 | 20.8 yrs | £-340 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 2186 kWh | 808 kWh | £593 | £81 | £673 | £11,354 | 16.9 yrs | £2,115 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 2914 kWh | 1078 kWh | £790 | £108 | £898 | £13,388 | 14.9 yrs | £4,570 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 3643 kWh | 1347 kWh | £988 | £135 | £1,122 | £15,423 | 13.7 yrs | £7,025 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 4372 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,185 | £162 | £1,347 | £17,457 | 13.0 yrs | £9,480 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 5100 kWh | 1886 kWh | £1,383 | £189 | £1,571 | £19,492 | 12.4 yrs | £11,935 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 5829 kWh | 2156 kWh | £1,580 | £216 | £1,796 | £21,526 | 12.0 yrs | £14,390 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,139, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 1497 kWh | 499 kWh | £406 | £50 | £456 | £11,069 | 24.3 yrs | £-1,953 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 2246 kWh | 749 kWh | £609 | £75 | £684 | £13,104 | 19.2 yrs | £570 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 2994 kWh | 998 kWh | £812 | £100 | £912 | £15,138 | 16.6 yrs | £3,093 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 3743 kWh | 1248 kWh | £1,015 | £125 | £1,139 | £17,173 | 15.1 yrs | £5,617 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 4491 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,218 | £150 | £1,367 | £19,207 | 14.0 yrs | £8,140 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 5240 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,421 | £175 | £1,595 | £21,242 | 13.3 yrs | £10,663 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 5989 kWh | 1996 kWh | £1,624 | £200 | £1,823 | £23,276 | 12.8 yrs | £13,187 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,157, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1996 kWh | 1537 kWh | 459 kWh | £417 | £46 | £463 | £13,519 | 29.2 yrs | £-4,267 |
| 3 kW | 2994 kWh | 2306 kWh | 689 kWh | £625 | £69 | £694 | £15,554 | 22.4 yrs | £-1,675 |
| 4 kW | 3992 kWh | 3074 kWh | 918 kWh | £833 | £92 | £925 | £17,588 | 19.0 yrs | £916 |
| 5 kW | 4990 kWh | 3843 kWh | 1148 kWh | £1,042 | £115 | £1,157 | £19,623 | 17.0 yrs | £3,508 |
| 6 kW | 5989 kWh | 4611 kWh | 1377 kWh | £1,250 | £138 | £1,388 | £21,657 | 15.6 yrs | £6,100 |
| 7 kW | 6987 kWh | 5380 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,458 | £161 | £1,619 | £23,692 | 14.6 yrs | £8,691 |
| 8 kW | 7985 kWh | 6148 kWh | 1837 kWh | £1,667 | £184 | £1,850 | £25,726 | 13.9 yrs | £11,283 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.