A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 768 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 27.1p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £646, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 614 kWh | 922 kWh | £166 | £92 | £258 | £4,069 | 15.7 yrs | £1,099 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 922 kWh | 1382 kWh | £249 | £138 | £388 | £6,104 | 15.7 yrs | £1,648 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 1229 kWh | 1843 kWh | £332 | £184 | £517 | £8,138 | 15.7 yrs | £2,198 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 1536 kWh | 2304 kWh | £416 | £230 | £646 | £10,173 | 15.7 yrs | £2,747 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 1843 kWh | 2765 kWh | £499 | £276 | £775 | £12,207 | 15.7 yrs | £3,297 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 2150 kWh | 3225 kWh | £582 | £323 | £904 | £14,242 | 15.7 yrs | £3,846 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 2457 kWh | 3686 kWh | £665 | £369 | £1,034 | £16,276 | 15.7 yrs | £4,396 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £777, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 922 kWh | 614 kWh | £249 | £61 | £311 | £6,169 | 19.8 yrs | £47 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 1382 kWh | 922 kWh | £374 | £92 | £466 | £8,204 | 17.6 yrs | £1,121 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 1843 kWh | 1229 kWh | £499 | £123 | £622 | £10,238 | 16.5 yrs | £2,194 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 2304 kWh | 1536 kWh | £623 | £154 | £777 | £12,273 | 15.8 yrs | £3,268 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 2765 kWh | 1843 kWh | £748 | £184 | £932 | £14,307 | 15.3 yrs | £4,341 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 3225 kWh | 2150 kWh | £873 | £215 | £1,088 | £16,342 | 15.0 yrs | £5,415 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 3686 kWh | 2457 kWh | £997 | £246 | £1,243 | £18,376 | 14.8 yrs | £6,488 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £843, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 16.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 1075 kWh | 461 kWh | £291 | £46 | £337 | £7,569 | 22.5 yrs | £-829 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 1613 kWh | 691 kWh | £436 | £69 | £506 | £9,604 | 19.0 yrs | £507 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 2150 kWh | 922 kWh | £582 | £92 | £674 | £11,638 | 17.3 yrs | £1,842 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 2688 kWh | 1152 kWh | £727 | £115 | £843 | £13,673 | 16.2 yrs | £3,178 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 3225 kWh | 1382 kWh | £873 | £138 | £1,011 | £15,707 | 15.5 yrs | £4,513 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 3763 kWh | 1613 kWh | £1,018 | £161 | £1,180 | £17,742 | 15.0 yrs | £5,849 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 4301 kWh | 1843 kWh | £1,164 | £184 | £1,348 | £19,776 | 14.7 yrs | £7,184 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £862, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 1121 kWh | 415 kWh | £303 | £41 | £345 | £9,319 | 27.0 yrs | £-2,422 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 1682 kWh | 622 kWh | £455 | £62 | £517 | £11,354 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,007 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 2242 kWh | 829 kWh | £607 | £83 | £690 | £13,388 | 19.4 yrs | £407 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 2803 kWh | 1037 kWh | £758 | £104 | £862 | £15,423 | 17.9 yrs | £1,821 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 3364 kWh | 1244 kWh | £910 | £124 | £1,035 | £17,457 | 16.9 yrs | £3,235 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 3924 kWh | 1451 kWh | £1,062 | £145 | £1,207 | £19,492 | 16.1 yrs | £4,649 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 4485 kWh | 1659 kWh | £1,214 | £166 | £1,379 | £21,526 | 15.6 yrs | £6,063 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £875, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 19.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 1152 kWh | 384 kWh | £312 | £38 | £350 | £11,069 | 31.6 yrs | £-4,067 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 1728 kWh | 576 kWh | £468 | £58 | £525 | £13,104 | 25.0 yrs | £-2,600 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 2304 kWh | 768 kWh | £623 | £77 | £700 | £15,138 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,134 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 2880 kWh | 960 kWh | £779 | £96 | £875 | £17,173 | 19.6 yrs | £333 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 3456 kWh | 1152 kWh | £935 | £115 | £1,050 | £19,207 | 18.3 yrs | £1,799 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 4032 kWh | 1344 kWh | £1,091 | £134 | £1,225 | £21,242 | 17.3 yrs | £3,266 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 4608 kWh | 1536 kWh | £1,247 | £154 | £1,400 | £23,276 | 16.6 yrs | £4,733 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £888, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 22.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1536 kWh | 1183 kWh | 353 kWh | £320 | £35 | £355 | £13,519 | 38.0 yrs | £-6,412 |
| 3 kW | 2304 kWh | 1774 kWh | 530 kWh | £480 | £53 | £533 | £15,554 | 29.2 yrs | £-4,893 |
| 4 kW | 3072 kWh | 2365 kWh | 707 kWh | £640 | £71 | £711 | £17,588 | 24.7 yrs | £-3,374 |
| 5 kW | 3840 kWh | 2957 kWh | 883 kWh | £800 | £88 | £888 | £19,623 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,855 |
| 6 kW | 4608 kWh | 3548 kWh | 1060 kWh | £960 | £106 | £1,066 | £21,657 | 20.3 yrs | £-336 |
| 7 kW | 5376 kWh | 4139 kWh | 1236 kWh | £1,120 | £124 | £1,244 | £23,692 | 19.0 yrs | £1,183 |
| 8 kW | 6144 kWh | 4731 kWh | 1413 kWh | £1,280 | £141 | £1,421 | £25,726 | 18.1 yrs | £2,702 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.