A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1036 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £866, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 829 kWh | 1243 kWh | £222 | £124 | £347 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,863 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 1243 kWh | 1865 kWh | £333 | £186 | £520 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,294 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 1658 kWh | 2486 kWh | £445 | £249 | £693 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,726 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 2072 kWh | 3108 kWh | £556 | £311 | £866 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,157 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 2486 kWh | 3729 kWh | £667 | £373 | £1,040 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,589 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 2901 kWh | 4351 kWh | £778 | £435 | £1,213 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,020 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 3315 kWh | 4973 kWh | £889 | £497 | £1,386 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,451 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,041, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1243 kWh | 829 kWh | £333 | £83 | £416 | £6,169 | 14.8 yrs | £2,157 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 1865 kWh | 1243 kWh | £500 | £124 | £624 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,285 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 2486 kWh | 1658 kWh | £667 | £166 | £833 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,414 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 3108 kWh | 2072 kWh | £834 | £207 | £1,041 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,542 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 3729 kWh | 2486 kWh | £1,000 | £249 | £1,249 | £14,307 | 11.5 yrs | £10,671 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 4351 kWh | 2901 kWh | £1,167 | £290 | £1,457 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,799 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 4973 kWh | 3315 kWh | £1,334 | £332 | £1,665 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £14,927 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,128, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1450 kWh | 622 kWh | £389 | £62 | £451 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,454 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2176 kWh | 932 kWh | £583 | £93 | £677 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,931 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 2901 kWh | 1243 kWh | £778 | £124 | £902 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,408 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 3626 kWh | 1554 kWh | £972 | £155 | £1,128 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,885 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 4351 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,167 | £186 | £1,353 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,362 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 5076 kWh | 2176 kWh | £1,361 | £218 | £1,579 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,839 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 5801 kWh | 2486 kWh | £1,556 | £249 | £1,805 | £19,776 | 11.0 yrs | £16,315 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,154, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1513 kWh | 559 kWh | £406 | £56 | £462 | £9,319 | 20.2 yrs | £-87 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2269 kWh | 839 kWh | £608 | £84 | £692 | £11,354 | 16.4 yrs | £2,494 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 3025 kWh | 1119 kWh | £811 | £112 | £923 | £13,388 | 14.5 yrs | £5,076 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 3781 kWh | 1399 kWh | £1,014 | £140 | £1,154 | £15,423 | 13.4 yrs | £7,657 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 4538 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,217 | £168 | £1,385 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,239 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 5294 kWh | 1958 kWh | £1,420 | £196 | £1,616 | £19,492 | 12.1 yrs | £12,820 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 6050 kWh | 2238 kWh | £1,623 | £224 | £1,846 | £21,526 | 11.7 yrs | £15,402 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,171, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1554 kWh | 518 kWh | £417 | £52 | £469 | £11,069 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,698 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2331 kWh | 777 kWh | £625 | £78 | £703 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £954 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 3108 kWh | 1036 kWh | £834 | £104 | £937 | £15,138 | 16.2 yrs | £3,605 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 3885 kWh | 1295 kWh | £1,042 | £129 | £1,171 | £17,173 | 14.7 yrs | £6,256 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 4662 kWh | 1554 kWh | £1,250 | £155 | £1,406 | £19,207 | 13.7 yrs | £8,907 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 5439 kWh | 1813 kWh | £1,459 | £181 | £1,640 | £21,242 | 13.0 yrs | £11,558 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 6216 kWh | 2072 kWh | £1,667 | £207 | £1,874 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,209 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,189, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2072 kWh | 1595 kWh | 477 kWh | £428 | £48 | £476 | £13,519 | 28.4 yrs | £-4,008 |
| 3 kW | 3108 kWh | 2393 kWh | 715 kWh | £642 | £71 | £713 | £15,554 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,287 |
| 4 kW | 4144 kWh | 3191 kWh | 953 kWh | £856 | £95 | £951 | £17,588 | 18.5 yrs | £1,434 |
| 5 kW | 5180 kWh | 3988 kWh | 1191 kWh | £1,070 | £119 | £1,189 | £19,623 | 16.5 yrs | £4,154 |
| 6 kW | 6216 kWh | 4786 kWh | 1430 kWh | £1,284 | £143 | £1,427 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,875 |
| 7 kW | 7252 kWh | 5584 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,498 | £167 | £1,664 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,596 |
| 8 kW | 8288 kWh | 6382 kWh | 1906 kWh | £1,712 | £191 | £1,902 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,317 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.