A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1038 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £868, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 830 kWh | 1245 kWh | £223 | £125 | £347 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,875 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 1245 kWh | 1868 kWh | £334 | £187 | £521 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,312 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 1660 kWh | 2491 kWh | £445 | £249 | £694 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,749 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 2075 kWh | 3113 kWh | £557 | £311 | £868 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,186 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 2491 kWh | 3736 kWh | £668 | £374 | £1,042 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,624 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 2906 kWh | 4358 kWh | £779 | £436 | £1,215 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,061 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 3321 kWh | 4981 kWh | £891 | £498 | £1,389 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,498 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,042, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1245 kWh | 830 kWh | £334 | £83 | £417 | £6,169 | 14.8 yrs | £2,171 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 1868 kWh | 1245 kWh | £501 | £125 | £625 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,306 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 2491 kWh | 1660 kWh | £668 | £166 | £834 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,442 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 3113 kWh | 2075 kWh | £835 | £208 | £1,042 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,577 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 3736 kWh | 2491 kWh | £1,002 | £249 | £1,251 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,713 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 4358 kWh | 2906 kWh | £1,169 | £291 | £1,459 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,848 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 4981 kWh | 3321 kWh | £1,336 | £332 | £1,668 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £14,984 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,130, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1453 kWh | 623 kWh | £390 | £62 | £452 | £7,569 | 16.7 yrs | £1,469 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 2179 kWh | 934 kWh | £584 | £93 | £678 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,954 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 2906 kWh | 1245 kWh | £779 | £125 | £904 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,438 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 3632 kWh | 1557 kWh | £974 | £156 | £1,130 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,923 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 4358 kWh | 1868 kWh | £1,169 | £187 | £1,356 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,407 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 5085 kWh | 2179 kWh | £1,364 | £218 | £1,582 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,892 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 5811 kWh | 2491 kWh | £1,559 | £249 | £1,808 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,376 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,156, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1515 kWh | 560 kWh | £406 | £56 | £462 | £9,319 | 20.2 yrs | £-71 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 2273 kWh | 841 kWh | £610 | £84 | £694 | £11,354 | 16.4 yrs | £2,518 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 3030 kWh | 1121 kWh | £813 | £112 | £925 | £13,388 | 14.5 yrs | £5,107 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 3788 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,016 | £140 | £1,156 | £15,423 | 13.3 yrs | £7,696 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 4545 kWh | 1681 kWh | £1,219 | £168 | £1,387 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,286 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 5303 kWh | 1961 kWh | £1,422 | £196 | £1,618 | £19,492 | 12.0 yrs | £12,875 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 6060 kWh | 2241 kWh | £1,625 | £224 | £1,850 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,464 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,173, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1557 kWh | 519 kWh | £417 | £52 | £469 | £11,069 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,682 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 2335 kWh | 778 kWh | £626 | £78 | £704 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £977 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 3113 kWh | 1038 kWh | £835 | £104 | £939 | £15,138 | 16.1 yrs | £3,636 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 3891 kWh | 1297 kWh | £1,044 | £130 | £1,173 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,295 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 4670 kWh | 1557 kWh | £1,252 | £156 | £1,408 | £19,207 | 13.6 yrs | £8,955 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 5448 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,461 | £182 | £1,643 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,614 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 6226 kWh | 2075 kWh | £1,670 | £208 | £1,877 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,273 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,191, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1598 kWh | 477 kWh | £429 | £48 | £476 | £13,519 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,992 |
| 3 kW | 3113 kWh | 2397 kWh | 716 kWh | £643 | £72 | £715 | £15,554 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,263 |
| 4 kW | 4151 kWh | 3196 kWh | 955 kWh | £857 | £95 | £953 | £17,588 | 18.5 yrs | £1,466 |
| 5 kW | 5189 kWh | 3995 kWh | 1193 kWh | £1,072 | £119 | £1,191 | £19,623 | 16.5 yrs | £4,195 |
| 6 kW | 6226 kWh | 4794 kWh | 1432 kWh | £1,286 | £143 | £1,429 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,923 |
| 7 kW | 7264 kWh | 5593 kWh | 1671 kWh | £1,500 | £167 | £1,667 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,652 |
| 8 kW | 8302 kWh | 6392 kWh | 1909 kWh | £1,714 | £191 | £1,905 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,381 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.