A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1037 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £868, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 830 kWh | 1245 kWh | £223 | £124 | £347 | £4,069 | 11.7 yrs | £2,873 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 1245 kWh | 1867 kWh | £334 | £187 | £521 | £6,104 | 11.7 yrs | £4,309 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 1660 kWh | 2490 kWh | £445 | £249 | £694 | £8,138 | 11.7 yrs | £5,746 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 2075 kWh | 3112 kWh | £556 | £311 | £868 | £10,173 | 11.7 yrs | £7,182 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 2490 kWh | 3735 kWh | £668 | £373 | £1,041 | £12,207 | 11.7 yrs | £8,619 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 2905 kWh | 4357 kWh | £779 | £436 | £1,215 | £14,242 | 11.7 yrs | £10,055 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 3320 kWh | 4980 kWh | £890 | £498 | £1,388 | £16,276 | 11.7 yrs | £11,492 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,042, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1245 kWh | 830 kWh | £334 | £83 | £417 | £6,169 | 14.8 yrs | £2,169 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 1867 kWh | 1245 kWh | £501 | £124 | £625 | £8,204 | 13.1 yrs | £4,303 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 2490 kWh | 1660 kWh | £668 | £166 | £834 | £10,238 | 12.3 yrs | £6,438 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 3112 kWh | 2075 kWh | £835 | £207 | £1,042 | £12,273 | 11.8 yrs | £8,572 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 3735 kWh | 2490 kWh | £1,002 | £249 | £1,251 | £14,307 | 11.4 yrs | £10,707 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 4357 kWh | 2905 kWh | £1,169 | £290 | £1,459 | £16,342 | 11.2 yrs | £12,841 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 4980 kWh | 3320 kWh | £1,336 | £332 | £1,668 | £18,376 | 11.0 yrs | £14,976 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,129, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1452 kWh | 622 kWh | £390 | £62 | £452 | £7,569 | 16.8 yrs | £1,467 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 2179 kWh | 934 kWh | £584 | £93 | £678 | £9,604 | 14.2 yrs | £3,950 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 2905 kWh | 1245 kWh | £779 | £124 | £904 | £11,638 | 12.9 yrs | £6,434 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 3631 kWh | 1556 kWh | £974 | £156 | £1,129 | £13,673 | 12.1 yrs | £8,917 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 4357 kWh | 1867 kWh | £1,169 | £187 | £1,355 | £15,707 | 11.6 yrs | £11,401 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 5084 kWh | 2179 kWh | £1,363 | £218 | £1,581 | £17,742 | 11.2 yrs | £13,884 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 5810 kWh | 2490 kWh | £1,558 | £249 | £1,807 | £19,776 | 10.9 yrs | £16,368 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,156, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1515 kWh | 560 kWh | £406 | £56 | £462 | £9,319 | 20.2 yrs | £-74 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 2272 kWh | 840 kWh | £609 | £84 | £693 | £11,354 | 16.4 yrs | £2,514 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 3029 kWh | 1120 kWh | £812 | £112 | £925 | £13,388 | 14.5 yrs | £5,103 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 3787 kWh | 1401 kWh | £1,016 | £140 | £1,156 | £15,423 | 13.3 yrs | £7,691 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 4544 kWh | 1681 kWh | £1,219 | £168 | £1,387 | £17,457 | 12.6 yrs | £10,279 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 5301 kWh | 1961 kWh | £1,422 | £196 | £1,618 | £19,492 | 12.0 yrs | £12,867 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 6059 kWh | 2241 kWh | £1,625 | £224 | £1,849 | £21,526 | 11.6 yrs | £15,455 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,173, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1556 kWh | 519 kWh | £417 | £52 | £469 | £11,069 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,684 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 2334 kWh | 778 kWh | £626 | £78 | £704 | £13,104 | 18.6 yrs | £974 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 3112 kWh | 1037 kWh | £835 | £104 | £938 | £15,138 | 16.1 yrs | £3,632 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 3891 kWh | 1297 kWh | £1,043 | £130 | £1,173 | £17,173 | 14.6 yrs | £6,290 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 4669 kWh | 1556 kWh | £1,252 | £156 | £1,408 | £19,207 | 13.6 yrs | £8,948 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 5447 kWh | 1816 kWh | £1,461 | £182 | £1,642 | £21,242 | 12.9 yrs | £11,606 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 6225 kWh | 2075 kWh | £1,669 | £207 | £1,877 | £23,276 | 12.4 yrs | £14,264 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,191, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2075 kWh | 1598 kWh | 477 kWh | £429 | £48 | £476 | £13,519 | 28.4 yrs | £-3,994 |
| 3 kW | 3112 kWh | 2397 kWh | 716 kWh | £643 | £72 | £714 | £15,554 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,267 |
| 4 kW | 4150 kWh | 3195 kWh | 954 kWh | £857 | £95 | £952 | £17,588 | 18.5 yrs | £1,461 |
| 5 kW | 5187 kWh | 3994 kWh | 1193 kWh | £1,071 | £119 | £1,191 | £19,623 | 16.5 yrs | £4,189 |
| 6 kW | 6225 kWh | 4793 kWh | 1432 kWh | £1,286 | £143 | £1,429 | £21,657 | 15.2 yrs | £6,917 |
| 7 kW | 7262 kWh | 5592 kWh | 1670 kWh | £1,500 | £167 | £1,667 | £23,692 | 14.2 yrs | £9,644 |
| 8 kW | 8300 kWh | 6391 kWh | 1909 kWh | £1,714 | £191 | £1,905 | £25,726 | 13.5 yrs | £12,372 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.