A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1064 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 851 kWh | 1276 kWh | £228 | £128 | £356 | £4,069 | 11.4 yrs | £3,048 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 1276 kWh | 1915 kWh | £342 | £191 | £534 | £6,104 | 11.4 yrs | £4,573 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 1702 kWh | 2553 kWh | £456 | £255 | £712 | £8,138 | 11.4 yrs | £6,097 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 2127 kWh | 3191 kWh | £571 | £319 | £890 | £10,173 | 11.4 yrs | £7,621 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 2553 kWh | 3829 kWh | £685 | £383 | £1,068 | £12,207 | 11.4 yrs | £9,145 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 2978 kWh | 4468 kWh | £799 | £447 | £1,246 | £14,242 | 11.4 yrs | £10,670 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 3404 kWh | 5106 kWh | £913 | £511 | £1,423 | £16,276 | 11.4 yrs | £12,194 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,069, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 1276 kWh | 851 kWh | £342 | £85 | £427 | £6,169 | 14.4 yrs | £2,380 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 1915 kWh | 1276 kWh | £514 | £128 | £641 | £8,204 | 12.8 yrs | £4,620 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 2553 kWh | 1702 kWh | £685 | £170 | £855 | £10,238 | 12.0 yrs | £6,860 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 3191 kWh | 2127 kWh | £856 | £213 | £1,069 | £12,273 | 11.5 yrs | £9,100 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 3829 kWh | 2553 kWh | £1,027 | £255 | £1,282 | £14,307 | 11.2 yrs | £11,339 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 4468 kWh | 2978 kWh | £1,198 | £298 | £1,496 | £16,342 | 10.9 yrs | £13,579 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 5106 kWh | 3404 kWh | £1,369 | £340 | £1,710 | £18,376 | 10.7 yrs | £15,819 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,158, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 1489 kWh | 638 kWh | £399 | £64 | £463 | £7,569 | 16.3 yrs | £1,695 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 2234 kWh | 957 kWh | £599 | £96 | £695 | £9,604 | 13.8 yrs | £4,293 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 2978 kWh | 1276 kWh | £799 | £128 | £926 | £11,638 | 12.6 yrs | £6,891 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 3723 kWh | 1596 kWh | £999 | £160 | £1,158 | £13,673 | 11.8 yrs | £9,489 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 4468 kWh | 1915 kWh | £1,198 | £191 | £1,390 | £15,707 | 11.3 yrs | £12,086 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 5212 kWh | 2234 kWh | £1,398 | £223 | £1,621 | £17,742 | 10.9 yrs | £14,684 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 5957 kWh | 2553 kWh | £1,598 | £255 | £1,853 | £19,776 | 10.7 yrs | £17,282 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,185, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 1553 kWh | 574 kWh | £417 | £57 | £474 | £9,319 | 19.7 yrs | £160 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 2330 kWh | 862 kWh | £625 | £86 | £711 | £11,354 | 16.0 yrs | £2,865 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 3106 kWh | 1149 kWh | £833 | £115 | £948 | £13,388 | 14.1 yrs | £5,570 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1436 kWh | £1,041 | £144 | £1,185 | £15,423 | 13.0 yrs | £8,275 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 4659 kWh | 1723 kWh | £1,250 | £172 | £1,422 | £17,457 | 12.3 yrs | £10,981 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 5436 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,458 | £201 | £1,659 | £19,492 | 11.7 yrs | £13,686 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 6212 kWh | 2298 kWh | £1,666 | £230 | £1,896 | £21,526 | 11.4 yrs | £16,391 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,203, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 1596 kWh | 532 kWh | £428 | £53 | £481 | £11,069 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,447 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 2393 kWh | 798 kWh | £642 | £80 | £722 | £13,104 | 18.2 yrs | £1,330 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 3191 kWh | 1064 kWh | £856 | £106 | £962 | £15,138 | 15.7 yrs | £4,107 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 3989 kWh | 1330 kWh | £1,070 | £133 | £1,203 | £17,173 | 14.3 yrs | £6,883 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 4787 kWh | 1596 kWh | £1,284 | £160 | £1,443 | £19,207 | 13.3 yrs | £9,660 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 5584 kWh | 1861 kWh | £1,498 | £186 | £1,684 | £21,242 | 12.6 yrs | £12,437 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 6382 kWh | 2127 kWh | £1,712 | £213 | £1,924 | £23,276 | 12.1 yrs | £15,213 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,221, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2127 kWh | 1638 kWh | 489 kWh | £439 | £49 | £488 | £13,519 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,754 |
| 3 kW | 3191 kWh | 2457 kWh | 734 kWh | £659 | £73 | £732 | £15,554 | 21.2 yrs | £-905 |
| 4 kW | 4255 kWh | 3276 kWh | 979 kWh | £879 | £98 | £977 | £17,588 | 18.0 yrs | £1,943 |
| 5 kW | 5319 kWh | 4095 kWh | 1223 kWh | £1,098 | £122 | £1,221 | £19,623 | 16.1 yrs | £4,791 |
| 6 kW | 6382 kWh | 4914 kWh | 1468 kWh | £1,318 | £147 | £1,465 | £21,657 | 14.8 yrs | £7,639 |
| 7 kW | 7446 kWh | 5733 kWh | 1713 kWh | £1,538 | £171 | £1,709 | £23,692 | 13.9 yrs | £10,488 |
| 8 kW | 8510 kWh | 6552 kWh | 1957 kWh | £1,757 | £196 | £1,953 | £25,726 | 13.2 yrs | £13,336 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.