A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 987 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 789 kWh | 1184 kWh | £202 | £118 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,344 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 1184 kWh | 1776 kWh | £303 | £178 | £481 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,517 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 1578 kWh | 2368 kWh | £405 | £237 | £641 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,689 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 1973 kWh | 2960 kWh | £506 | £296 | £802 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,861 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 2368 kWh | 3552 kWh | £607 | £355 | £962 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,033 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 2762 kWh | 4144 kWh | £708 | £414 | £1,122 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,205 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 3157 kWh | 4735 kWh | £809 | £474 | £1,283 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,378 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1184 kWh | 789 kWh | £303 | £79 | £382 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,478 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 1776 kWh | 1184 kWh | £455 | £118 | £574 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,267 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2368 kWh | 1578 kWh | £607 | £158 | £765 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,056 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 2960 kWh | 1973 kWh | £759 | £197 | £956 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,845 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 3552 kWh | 2368 kWh | £910 | £237 | £1,147 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,634 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 4144 kWh | 2762 kWh | £1,062 | £276 | £1,338 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,423 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 4735 kWh | 3157 kWh | £1,214 | £316 | £1,529 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,212 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1381 kWh | 592 kWh | £354 | £59 | £413 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £695 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2072 kWh | 888 kWh | £531 | £89 | £620 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,792 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2762 kWh | 1184 kWh | £708 | £118 | £826 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,890 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 3453 kWh | 1480 kWh | £885 | £148 | £1,033 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £6,987 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 4144 kWh | 1776 kWh | £1,062 | £178 | £1,240 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,084 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 4834 kWh | 2072 kWh | £1,239 | £207 | £1,446 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,182 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 5525 kWh | 2368 kWh | £1,416 | £237 | £1,653 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,279 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1440 kWh | 533 kWh | £369 | £53 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-870 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2161 kWh | 799 kWh | £554 | £80 | £634 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,320 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2881 kWh | 1065 kWh | £738 | £107 | £845 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,510 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 3601 kWh | 1332 kWh | £923 | £133 | £1,056 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,700 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 4321 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,108 | £160 | £1,267 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,890 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 5041 kWh | 1865 kWh | £1,292 | £186 | £1,479 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,079 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 5762 kWh | 2131 kWh | £1,477 | £213 | £1,690 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,269 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1480 kWh | 493 kWh | £379 | £49 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,497 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2220 kWh | 740 kWh | £569 | £74 | £643 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-245 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2960 kWh | 987 kWh | £759 | £99 | £857 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £2,006 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 3700 kWh | 1233 kWh | £948 | £123 | £1,072 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,258 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 4440 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,138 | £148 | £1,286 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,510 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 5179 kWh | 1726 kWh | £1,327 | £173 | £1,500 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,761 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 5919 kWh | 1973 kWh | £1,517 | £197 | £1,714 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,013 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1519 kWh | 454 kWh | £389 | £45 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,823 |
| 3 kW | 2960 kWh | 2279 kWh | 681 kWh | £584 | £68 | £652 | £15,554 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,510 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 3039 kWh | 908 kWh | £779 | £91 | £870 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-197 |
| 5 kW | 4933 kWh | 3798 kWh | 1135 kWh | £973 | £113 | £1,087 | £19,623 | 18.1 yrs | £2,116 |
| 6 kW | 5919 kWh | 4558 kWh | 1361 kWh | £1,168 | £136 | £1,304 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,430 |
| 7 kW | 6906 kWh | 5318 kWh | 1588 kWh | £1,363 | £159 | £1,522 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,743 |
| 8 kW | 7892 kWh | 6077 kWh | 1815 kWh | £1,558 | £182 | £1,739 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,056 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.