A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 986 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 789 kWh | 1184 kWh | £202 | £118 | £321 | £4,069 | 12.7 yrs | £2,343 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 1184 kWh | 1775 kWh | £303 | £178 | £481 | £6,104 | 12.7 yrs | £3,515 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 1578 kWh | 2367 kWh | £404 | £237 | £641 | £8,138 | 12.7 yrs | £4,686 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 1973 kWh | 2959 kWh | £506 | £296 | £802 | £10,173 | 12.7 yrs | £5,858 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 2367 kWh | 3551 kWh | £607 | £355 | £962 | £12,207 | 12.7 yrs | £7,030 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 2762 kWh | 4143 kWh | £708 | £414 | £1,122 | £14,242 | 12.7 yrs | £8,201 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 3156 kWh | 4735 kWh | £809 | £473 | £1,282 | £16,276 | 12.7 yrs | £9,373 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1184 kWh | 789 kWh | £303 | £79 | £382 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,477 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 1775 kWh | 1184 kWh | £455 | £118 | £573 | £8,204 | 14.3 yrs | £3,265 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2367 kWh | 1578 kWh | £607 | £158 | £765 | £10,238 | 13.4 yrs | £5,053 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 2959 kWh | 1973 kWh | £758 | £197 | £956 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,842 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 3551 kWh | 2367 kWh | £910 | £237 | £1,147 | £14,307 | 12.5 yrs | £8,630 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 4143 kWh | 2762 kWh | £1,062 | £276 | £1,338 | £16,342 | 12.2 yrs | £10,418 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 4735 kWh | 3156 kWh | £1,213 | £316 | £1,529 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,206 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1381 kWh | 592 kWh | £354 | £59 | £413 | £7,569 | 18.3 yrs | £693 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 2071 kWh | 888 kWh | £531 | £89 | £620 | £9,604 | 15.5 yrs | £2,790 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2762 kWh | 1184 kWh | £708 | £118 | £826 | £11,638 | 14.1 yrs | £4,887 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 3452 kWh | 1480 kWh | £885 | £148 | £1,033 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £6,983 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 4143 kWh | 1775 kWh | £1,062 | £178 | £1,239 | £15,707 | 12.7 yrs | £9,080 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 4833 kWh | 2071 kWh | £1,239 | £207 | £1,446 | £17,742 | 12.3 yrs | £11,177 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 5524 kWh | 2367 kWh | £1,416 | £237 | £1,652 | £19,776 | 12.0 yrs | £13,273 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1440 kWh | 533 kWh | £369 | £53 | £422 | £9,319 | 22.1 yrs | £-872 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 2160 kWh | 799 kWh | £554 | £80 | £634 | £11,354 | 17.9 yrs | £1,317 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2880 kWh | 1065 kWh | £738 | £107 | £845 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,507 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 3600 kWh | 1332 kWh | £923 | £133 | £1,056 | £15,423 | 14.6 yrs | £5,696 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 4320 kWh | 1598 kWh | £1,107 | £160 | £1,267 | £17,457 | 13.8 yrs | £7,885 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 5040 kWh | 1864 kWh | £1,292 | £186 | £1,478 | £19,492 | 13.2 yrs | £10,074 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 5760 kWh | 2131 kWh | £1,476 | £213 | £1,689 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,263 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,071, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1480 kWh | 493 kWh | £379 | £49 | £429 | £11,069 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,498 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 2219 kWh | 740 kWh | £569 | £74 | £643 | £13,104 | 20.4 yrs | £-248 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 2959 kWh | 986 kWh | £758 | £99 | £857 | £15,138 | 17.7 yrs | £2,003 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 3699 kWh | 1233 kWh | £948 | £123 | £1,071 | £17,173 | 16.0 yrs | £4,254 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 4439 kWh | 1480 kWh | £1,138 | £148 | £1,286 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,505 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 5178 kWh | 1726 kWh | £1,327 | £173 | £1,500 | £21,242 | 14.2 yrs | £8,756 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 5918 kWh | 1973 kWh | £1,517 | £197 | £1,714 | £23,276 | 13.6 yrs | £11,007 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1973 kWh | 1519 kWh | 454 kWh | £389 | £45 | £435 | £13,519 | 31.1 yrs | £-4,825 |
| 3 kW | 2959 kWh | 2279 kWh | 681 kWh | £584 | £68 | £652 | £15,554 | 23.9 yrs | £-2,513 |
| 4 kW | 3946 kWh | 3038 kWh | 907 kWh | £779 | £91 | £869 | £17,588 | 20.2 yrs | £-200 |
| 5 kW | 4932 kWh | 3798 kWh | 1134 kWh | £973 | £113 | £1,087 | £19,623 | 18.1 yrs | £2,112 |
| 6 kW | 5918 kWh | 4557 kWh | 1361 kWh | £1,168 | £136 | £1,304 | £21,657 | 16.6 yrs | £4,425 |
| 7 kW | 6905 kWh | 5317 kWh | 1588 kWh | £1,363 | £159 | £1,521 | £23,692 | 15.6 yrs | £6,737 |
| 8 kW | 7891 kWh | 6076 kWh | 1815 kWh | £1,557 | £181 | £1,739 | £25,726 | 14.8 yrs | £9,050 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.