Solar explained to clever people by people who are not trying to be clever

Solar Panels in EC2M (City of London)

See if solar pays off for you in City of London — price, savings and payback in under a minute (official UK data).

Solar Calculator

Change the settings below to see how costs and savings work for your situation.

System Size

Roof Direction

Battery Storage

Export Value

Your Numbers

Break-even
12.7 years
After this, it's pure profit
Upfront Cost
£6,104
What you pay to get started
Annual Benefit
£481
What you save every year
Profit Over 25 Years
£5,922
After paying itself off, you're this much ahead

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How we calculate this

Solar generation: Based on typical south-facing roof at 35° angle. We account for weather, dirt, and system losses (14%).

How much you'll use directly:

  • Without battery: You'll use about 40% of what you generate. The rest gets sold back to the grid.
  • With 5 kWh battery: You'll use about 70% (battery stores extra for evening use).
  • With 10 kWh battery: You'll use about 75% (more storage means less exported).
  • Panel-only payback: Bigger systems don’t shorten payback—cost and savings rise together per kW.
  • Battery & payback: Batteries raise self-use and cut bills, but added hardware cost often lengthens break-even at typical UK rates.
  • When a battery can still make sense:
    • Evening-heavy usage patterns
    • Time-of-use tariffs / cheap night rates
    • Low export rate vs. high unit rate
    • Heat pump or EV charging synergy
    • Optional backup/resilience (system-dependent)
    • Lower evening-hour CO₂ vs. grid

Costs: Battery prices are typically £700 per kWh. Export tariffs vary by supplier (usually 5–15p per kWh).

Grid connection: Systems up to about 3.7 kW typically need just a notification (G98). Larger systems may need permission (G99).

These are typical values based on average usage patterns. Your actual results will vary based on your roof, shading, and how you use electricity.

Your area in context

Read the full story

A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 987 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.

Unit rate
25.6p/kWh
Standing charge
46.1p/day
Sunshine yield (south)
987 kWh/kW
Export price (baseline)
10p/kWh

Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.

No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £802, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.7 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 789 kWh 1184 kWh £202 £118 £321 £4,069 12.7 yrs £2,345
3 kW 2960 kWh 1184 kWh 1776 kWh £303 £178 £481 £6,104 12.7 yrs £3,517
4 kW 3946 kWh 1579 kWh 2368 kWh £405 £237 £641 £8,138 12.7 yrs £4,689
5 kW 4933 kWh 1973 kWh 2960 kWh £506 £296 £802 £10,173 12.7 yrs £5,862
6 kW 5920 kWh 2368 kWh 3552 kWh £607 £355 £962 £12,207 12.7 yrs £7,034
7 kW 6906 kWh 2762 kWh 4144 kWh £708 £414 £1,122 £14,242 12.7 yrs £8,206
8 kW 7893 kWh 3157 kWh 4736 kWh £809 £474 £1,283 £16,276 12.7 yrs £9,379

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £956, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 1184 kWh 789 kWh £303 £79 £382 £6,169 16.1 yrs £1,478
3 kW 2960 kWh 1776 kWh 1184 kWh £455 £118 £574 £8,204 14.3 yrs £3,267
4 kW 3946 kWh 2368 kWh 1579 kWh £607 £158 £765 £10,238 13.4 yrs £5,057
5 kW 4933 kWh 2960 kWh 1973 kWh £759 £197 £956 £12,273 12.8 yrs £6,846
6 kW 5920 kWh 3552 kWh 2368 kWh £910 £237 £1,147 £14,307 12.5 yrs £8,635
7 kW 6906 kWh 4144 kWh 2762 kWh £1,062 £276 £1,338 £16,342 12.2 yrs £10,424
8 kW 7893 kWh 4736 kWh 3157 kWh £1,214 £316 £1,529 £18,376 12.0 yrs £12,213

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,033, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 1381 kWh 592 kWh £354 £59 £413 £7,569 18.3 yrs £695
3 kW 2960 kWh 2072 kWh 888 kWh £531 £89 £620 £9,604 15.5 yrs £2,793
4 kW 3946 kWh 2762 kWh 1184 kWh £708 £118 £826 £11,638 14.1 yrs £4,890
5 kW 4933 kWh 3453 kWh 1480 kWh £885 £148 £1,033 £13,673 13.2 yrs £6,988
6 kW 5920 kWh 4144 kWh 1776 kWh £1,062 £178 £1,240 £15,707 12.7 yrs £9,085
7 kW 6906 kWh 4834 kWh 2072 kWh £1,239 £207 £1,446 £17,742 12.3 yrs £11,183
8 kW 7893 kWh 5525 kWh 2368 kWh £1,416 £237 £1,653 £19,776 12.0 yrs £13,281

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,056, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.6 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 1440 kWh 533 kWh £369 £53 £422 £9,319 22.1 yrs £-870
3 kW 2960 kWh 2161 kWh 799 kWh £554 £80 £634 £11,354 17.9 yrs £1,320
4 kW 3946 kWh 2881 kWh 1066 kWh £738 £107 £845 £13,388 15.8 yrs £3,510
5 kW 4933 kWh 3601 kWh 1332 kWh £923 £133 £1,056 £15,423 14.6 yrs £5,700
6 kW 5920 kWh 4321 kWh 1598 kWh £1,108 £160 £1,267 £17,457 13.8 yrs £7,891
7 kW 6906 kWh 5042 kWh 1865 kWh £1,292 £186 £1,479 £19,492 13.2 yrs £10,081
8 kW 7893 kWh 5762 kWh 2131 kWh £1,477 £213 £1,690 £21,526 12.7 yrs £12,271

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,072, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.0 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 1480 kWh 493 kWh £379 £49 £429 £11,069 25.8 yrs £-2,496
3 kW 2960 kWh 2220 kWh 740 kWh £569 £74 £643 £13,104 20.4 yrs £-245
4 kW 3946 kWh 2960 kWh 987 kWh £759 £99 £857 £15,138 17.7 yrs £2,007
5 kW 4933 kWh 3700 kWh 1233 kWh £948 £123 £1,072 £17,173 16.0 yrs £4,259
6 kW 5920 kWh 4440 kWh 1480 kWh £1,138 £148 £1,286 £19,207 14.9 yrs £6,511
7 kW 6906 kWh 5180 kWh 1727 kWh £1,328 £173 £1,500 £21,242 14.2 yrs £8,762
8 kW 7893 kWh 5920 kWh 1973 kWh £1,517 £197 £1,715 £23,276 13.6 yrs £11,014

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,087, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.1 yrs
System Annual output Self-use Exported Bill saving Export income Annual benefit Upfront cost Break-even 20-year net
2 kW 1973 kWh 1519 kWh 454 kWh £389 £45 £435 £13,519 31.1 yrs £-4,823
3 kW 2960 kWh 2279 kWh 681 kWh £584 £68 £652 £15,554 23.8 yrs £-2,510
4 kW 3946 kWh 3039 kWh 908 kWh £779 £91 £870 £17,588 20.2 yrs £-196
5 kW 4933 kWh 3798 kWh 1135 kWh £974 £113 £1,087 £19,623 18.1 yrs £2,117
6 kW 5920 kWh 4558 kWh 1362 kWh £1,168 £136 £1,304 £21,657 16.6 yrs £4,431
7 kW 6906 kWh 5318 kWh 1588 kWh £1,363 £159 £1,522 £23,692 15.6 yrs £6,744
8 kW 7893 kWh 6077 kWh 1815 kWh £1,558 £182 £1,739 £25,726 14.8 yrs £9,058

Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.

Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.

Your Area at a Glance

Your Electricity Rate
25.63p/kWh
Daily Fixed Charge
46.06p/day
Local Sunshine
987kWh/kW
A 1 kW system generates ~987 kWh per year. A typical home uses ~2,700 kWh per year.
Typical System Size
3.0kW
For eligible homes in this area

⚠️ This area is predominantly flats. Many residents require freeholder approval for solar installations. System size shown reflects houses and bungalows only.

Local Property Data

Property Types

Houses: 3% • Flats: 94% • Bungalows: 0% Based on 88 properties

Coverage

City of London (83%)|Islington (15%)|Tower Hamlets (1%)|Hackney (1%)

Areas Covered

Bishopsgate, Coleman Street, Broad Street, Clerkenwell, Bunhill, Cornhill, Spitalfields & Banglatown, Hoxton East & Shoreditch

Data Sources & Assumptions

Solar yield: PVGIS (EU Joint Research Centre), January 2025 data

Electricity rates: Ofgem price cap, Q4 2025

Installation costs: MCS certified installer data, March 2025

Property data: EPC open data (Open Government Licence), aggregated

All estimates are typical values. Actual results vary based on your specific situation, roof characteristics, and usage patterns.