A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 992 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £806, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 793 kWh | 1190 kWh | £203 | £119 | £322 | £4,069 | 12.6 yrs | £2,377 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 1190 kWh | 1785 kWh | £305 | £178 | £483 | £6,104 | 12.6 yrs | £3,566 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 1587 kWh | 2380 kWh | £407 | £238 | £645 | £8,138 | 12.6 yrs | £4,755 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 1983 kWh | 2975 kWh | £508 | £297 | £806 | £10,173 | 12.6 yrs | £5,944 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 2380 kWh | 3570 kWh | £610 | £357 | £967 | £12,207 | 12.6 yrs | £7,132 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 2777 kWh | 4165 kWh | £712 | £416 | £1,128 | £14,242 | 12.6 yrs | £8,321 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 3173 kWh | 4760 kWh | £813 | £476 | £1,289 | £16,276 | 12.6 yrs | £9,510 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £961, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 1190 kWh | 793 kWh | £305 | £79 | £384 | £6,169 | 16.1 yrs | £1,517 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 1785 kWh | 1190 kWh | £457 | £119 | £576 | £8,204 | 14.2 yrs | £3,326 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 2380 kWh | 1587 kWh | £610 | £159 | £769 | £10,238 | 13.3 yrs | £5,135 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 2975 kWh | 1983 kWh | £762 | £198 | £961 | £12,273 | 12.8 yrs | £6,944 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 3570 kWh | 2380 kWh | £915 | £238 | £1,153 | £14,307 | 12.4 yrs | £8,752 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 4165 kWh | 2777 kWh | £1,067 | £278 | £1,345 | £16,342 | 12.1 yrs | £10,561 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 4760 kWh | 3173 kWh | £1,220 | £317 | £1,537 | £18,376 | 12.0 yrs | £12,370 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,038, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 1388 kWh | 595 kWh | £356 | £59 | £415 | £7,569 | 18.2 yrs | £737 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 2082 kWh | 892 kWh | £534 | £89 | £623 | £9,604 | 15.4 yrs | £2,856 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 2777 kWh | 1190 kWh | £712 | £119 | £831 | £11,638 | 14.0 yrs | £4,975 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 3471 kWh | 1487 kWh | £890 | £149 | £1,038 | £13,673 | 13.2 yrs | £7,094 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 4165 kWh | 1785 kWh | £1,067 | £178 | £1,246 | £15,707 | 12.6 yrs | £9,212 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 4859 kWh | 2082 kWh | £1,245 | £208 | £1,454 | £17,742 | 12.2 yrs | £11,331 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 5553 kWh | 2380 kWh | £1,423 | £238 | £1,661 | £19,776 | 11.9 yrs | £13,450 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,062, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 1448 kWh | 535 kWh | £371 | £54 | £425 | £9,319 | 21.9 yrs | £-827 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 2172 kWh | 803 kWh | £557 | £80 | £637 | £11,354 | 17.8 yrs | £1,385 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 2896 kWh | 1071 kWh | £742 | £107 | £849 | £13,388 | 15.8 yrs | £3,597 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 3620 kWh | 1339 kWh | £928 | £134 | £1,062 | £15,423 | 14.5 yrs | £5,809 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 4343 kWh | 1606 kWh | £1,113 | £161 | £1,274 | £17,457 | 13.7 yrs | £8,020 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 5067 kWh | 1874 kWh | £1,299 | £187 | £1,486 | £19,492 | 13.1 yrs | £10,232 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 5791 kWh | 2142 kWh | £1,484 | £214 | £1,698 | £21,526 | 12.7 yrs | £12,444 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,077, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 1487 kWh | 496 kWh | £381 | £50 | £431 | £11,069 | 25.7 yrs | £-2,453 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 2231 kWh | 744 kWh | £572 | £74 | £646 | £13,104 | 20.3 yrs | £-179 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 2975 kWh | 992 kWh | £762 | £99 | £862 | £15,138 | 17.6 yrs | £2,095 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 3719 kWh | 1240 kWh | £953 | £124 | £1,077 | £17,173 | 15.9 yrs | £4,369 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 4462 kWh | 1487 kWh | £1,144 | £149 | £1,292 | £19,207 | 14.9 yrs | £6,642 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 5206 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,334 | £174 | £1,508 | £21,242 | 14.1 yrs | £8,916 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 5950 kWh | 1983 kWh | £1,525 | £198 | £1,723 | £23,276 | 13.5 yrs | £11,190 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,093, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1983 kWh | 1527 kWh | 456 kWh | £391 | £46 | £437 | £13,519 | 30.9 yrs | £-4,779 |
| 3 kW | 2975 kWh | 2291 kWh | 684 kWh | £587 | £68 | £656 | £15,554 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,443 |
| 4 kW | 3967 kWh | 3054 kWh | 912 kWh | £783 | £91 | £874 | £17,588 | 20.1 yrs | £-107 |
| 5 kW | 4958 kWh | 3818 kWh | 1140 kWh | £979 | £114 | £1,093 | £19,623 | 18.0 yrs | £2,229 |
| 6 kW | 5950 kWh | 4581 kWh | 1368 kWh | £1,174 | £137 | £1,311 | £21,657 | 16.5 yrs | £4,564 |
| 7 kW | 6942 kWh | 5345 kWh | 1597 kWh | £1,370 | £160 | £1,530 | £23,692 | 15.5 yrs | £6,900 |
| 8 kW | 7933 kWh | 6109 kWh | 1825 kWh | £1,566 | £182 | £1,748 | £25,726 | 14.7 yrs | £9,236 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.