A typical roof here lands around 3.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1005 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £817, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 804 kWh | 1206 kWh | £206 | £121 | £327 | £4,069 | 12.5 yrs | £2,465 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 1206 kWh | 1809 kWh | £309 | £181 | £490 | £6,104 | 12.5 yrs | £3,698 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 1608 kWh | 2412 kWh | £412 | £241 | £653 | £8,138 | 12.5 yrs | £4,931 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 2010 kWh | 3016 kWh | £515 | £302 | £817 | £10,173 | 12.5 yrs | £6,164 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 2412 kWh | 3619 kWh | £618 | £362 | £980 | £12,207 | 12.5 yrs | £7,396 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 2815 kWh | 4222 kWh | £721 | £422 | £1,144 | £14,242 | 12.5 yrs | £8,629 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 3217 kWh | 4825 kWh | £824 | £482 | £1,307 | £16,276 | 12.5 yrs | £9,862 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £974, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1206 kWh | 804 kWh | £309 | £80 | £390 | £6,169 | 15.8 yrs | £1,622 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 1809 kWh | 1206 kWh | £464 | £121 | £584 | £8,204 | 14.0 yrs | £3,483 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 2412 kWh | 1608 kWh | £618 | £161 | £779 | £10,238 | 13.1 yrs | £5,345 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 3016 kWh | 2010 kWh | £773 | £201 | £974 | £12,273 | 12.6 yrs | £7,206 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 3619 kWh | 2412 kWh | £927 | £241 | £1,169 | £14,307 | 12.2 yrs | £9,067 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 4222 kWh | 2815 kWh | £1,082 | £281 | £1,363 | £16,342 | 12.0 yrs | £10,928 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 4825 kWh | 3217 kWh | £1,237 | £322 | £1,558 | £18,376 | 11.8 yrs | £12,789 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,052, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1407 kWh | 603 kWh | £361 | £60 | £421 | £7,569 | 18.0 yrs | £851 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 2111 kWh | 905 kWh | £541 | £90 | £631 | £9,604 | 15.2 yrs | £3,026 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 2815 kWh | 1206 kWh | £721 | £121 | £842 | £11,638 | 13.8 yrs | £5,202 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 3518 kWh | 1508 kWh | £902 | £151 | £1,052 | £13,673 | 13.0 yrs | £7,377 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 4222 kWh | 1809 kWh | £1,082 | £181 | £1,263 | £15,707 | 12.4 yrs | £9,552 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 4925 kWh | 2111 kWh | £1,262 | £211 | £1,473 | £17,742 | 12.0 yrs | £11,728 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 5629 kWh | 2412 kWh | £1,443 | £241 | £1,684 | £19,776 | 11.7 yrs | £13,903 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,076, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1468 kWh | 543 kWh | £376 | £54 | £430 | £9,319 | 21.7 yrs | £-711 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 2201 kWh | 814 kWh | £564 | £81 | £646 | £11,354 | 17.6 yrs | £1,559 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 2935 kWh | 1086 kWh | £752 | £109 | £861 | £13,388 | 15.6 yrs | £3,829 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 3669 kWh | 1357 kWh | £940 | £136 | £1,076 | £15,423 | 14.3 yrs | £6,098 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 4403 kWh | 1628 kWh | £1,128 | £163 | £1,291 | £17,457 | 13.5 yrs | £8,368 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 5136 kWh | 1900 kWh | £1,316 | £190 | £1,506 | £19,492 | 12.9 yrs | £10,638 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 5870 kWh | 2171 kWh | £1,505 | £217 | £1,722 | £21,526 | 12.5 yrs | £12,907 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,092, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1508 kWh | 503 kWh | £386 | £50 | £437 | £11,069 | 25.3 yrs | £-2,335 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 2262 kWh | 754 kWh | £580 | £75 | £655 | £13,104 | 20.0 yrs | £-3 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 3016 kWh | 1005 kWh | £773 | £101 | £873 | £15,138 | 17.3 yrs | £2,330 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 3769 kWh | 1256 kWh | £966 | £126 | £1,092 | £17,173 | 15.7 yrs | £4,662 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 4523 kWh | 1508 kWh | £1,159 | £151 | £1,310 | £19,207 | 14.7 yrs | £6,995 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 5277 kWh | 1759 kWh | £1,353 | £176 | £1,528 | £21,242 | 13.9 yrs | £9,327 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 6031 kWh | 2010 kWh | £1,546 | £201 | £1,747 | £23,276 | 13.3 yrs | £11,660 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,107, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 17.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2010 kWh | 1548 kWh | 462 kWh | £397 | £46 | £443 | £13,519 | 30.5 yrs | £-4,659 |
| 3 kW | 3016 kWh | 2322 kWh | 694 kWh | £595 | £69 | £664 | £15,554 | 23.4 yrs | £-2,264 |
| 4 kW | 4021 kWh | 3096 kWh | 925 kWh | £793 | £92 | £886 | £17,588 | 19.9 yrs | £131 |
| 5 kW | 5026 kWh | 3870 kWh | 1156 kWh | £992 | £116 | £1,107 | £19,623 | 17.7 yrs | £2,527 |
| 6 kW | 6031 kWh | 4644 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,190 | £139 | £1,329 | £21,657 | 16.3 yrs | £4,922 |
| 7 kW | 7036 kWh | 5418 kWh | 1618 kWh | £1,389 | £162 | £1,550 | £23,692 | 15.3 yrs | £7,317 |
| 8 kW | 8041 kWh | 6192 kWh | 1850 kWh | £1,587 | £185 | £1,772 | £25,726 | 14.5 yrs | £9,713 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.