A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 924 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.6p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £751, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 739 kWh | 1109 kWh | £190 | £111 | £300 | £4,069 | 13.5 yrs | £1,940 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 1109 kWh | 1663 kWh | £284 | £166 | £451 | £6,104 | 13.5 yrs | £2,910 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 1479 kWh | 2218 kWh | £379 | £222 | £601 | £8,138 | 13.5 yrs | £3,880 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 1848 kWh | 2772 kWh | £474 | £277 | £751 | £10,173 | 13.5 yrs | £4,849 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 2218 kWh | 3327 kWh | £569 | £333 | £901 | £12,207 | 13.5 yrs | £5,819 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 2587 kWh | 3881 kWh | £663 | £388 | £1,052 | £14,242 | 13.5 yrs | £6,789 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 2957 kWh | 4436 kWh | £758 | £444 | £1,202 | £16,276 | 13.5 yrs | £7,759 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £896, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1109 kWh | 739 kWh | £284 | £74 | £358 | £6,169 | 17.2 yrs | £996 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 1663 kWh | 1109 kWh | £426 | £111 | £537 | £8,204 | 15.3 yrs | £2,544 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 2218 kWh | 1479 kWh | £569 | £148 | £717 | £10,238 | 14.3 yrs | £4,092 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 2772 kWh | 1848 kWh | £711 | £185 | £896 | £12,273 | 13.7 yrs | £5,640 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 3327 kWh | 2218 kWh | £853 | £222 | £1,075 | £14,307 | 13.3 yrs | £7,188 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 3881 kWh | 2587 kWh | £995 | £259 | £1,254 | £16,342 | 13.0 yrs | £8,736 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 4436 kWh | 2957 kWh | £1,137 | £296 | £1,433 | £18,376 | 12.8 yrs | £10,284 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £968, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1294 kWh | 554 kWh | £332 | £55 | £387 | £7,569 | 19.6 yrs | £174 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 1941 kWh | 832 kWh | £498 | £83 | £581 | £9,604 | 16.5 yrs | £2,011 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 2587 kWh | 1109 kWh | £663 | £111 | £774 | £11,638 | 15.0 yrs | £3,848 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 3234 kWh | 1386 kWh | £829 | £139 | £968 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,685 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 3881 kWh | 1663 kWh | £995 | £166 | £1,161 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,522 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 4528 kWh | 1941 kWh | £1,161 | £194 | £1,355 | £17,742 | 13.1 yrs | £9,359 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 5175 kWh | 2218 kWh | £1,327 | £222 | £1,549 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,196 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1349 kWh | 499 kWh | £346 | £50 | £396 | £9,319 | 23.5 yrs | £-1,402 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 2024 kWh | 749 kWh | £519 | £75 | £594 | £11,354 | 19.1 yrs | £521 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 2698 kWh | 998 kWh | £692 | £100 | £792 | £13,388 | 16.9 yrs | £2,445 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 3373 kWh | 1248 kWh | £865 | £125 | £990 | £15,423 | 15.6 yrs | £4,369 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4048 kWh | 1497 kWh | £1,038 | £150 | £1,187 | £17,457 | 14.7 yrs | £6,293 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 4722 kWh | 1747 kWh | £1,211 | £175 | £1,385 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,216 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 5397 kWh | 1996 kWh | £1,384 | £200 | £1,583 | £21,526 | 13.6 yrs | £10,140 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1386 kWh | 462 kWh | £355 | £46 | £402 | £11,069 | 27.6 yrs | £-3,037 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 2079 kWh | 693 kWh | £533 | £69 | £602 | £13,104 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,055 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 2772 kWh | 924 kWh | £711 | £92 | £803 | £15,138 | 18.8 yrs | £926 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 3465 kWh | 1155 kWh | £889 | £116 | £1,004 | £17,173 | 17.1 yrs | £2,908 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4158 kWh | 1386 kWh | £1,066 | £139 | £1,205 | £19,207 | 15.9 yrs | £4,890 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 4851 kWh | 1617 kWh | £1,244 | £162 | £1,406 | £21,242 | 15.1 yrs | £6,871 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 5545 kWh | 1848 kWh | £1,422 | £185 | £1,606 | £23,276 | 14.5 yrs | £8,853 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,018, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1848 kWh | 1423 kWh | 425 kWh | £365 | £43 | £407 | £13,519 | 33.2 yrs | £-5,371 |
| 3 kW | 2772 kWh | 2135 kWh | 638 kWh | £547 | £64 | £611 | £15,554 | 25.5 yrs | £-3,332 |
| 4 kW | 3696 kWh | 2846 kWh | 850 kWh | £730 | £85 | £815 | £17,588 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,292 |
| 5 kW | 4620 kWh | 3558 kWh | 1063 kWh | £912 | £106 | £1,018 | £19,623 | 19.3 yrs | £747 |
| 6 kW | 5545 kWh | 4269 kWh | 1275 kWh | £1,095 | £128 | £1,222 | £21,657 | 17.7 yrs | £2,786 |
| 7 kW | 6469 kWh | 4981 kWh | 1488 kWh | £1,277 | £149 | £1,426 | £23,692 | 16.6 yrs | £4,826 |
| 8 kW | 7393 kWh | 5692 kWh | 1700 kWh | £1,460 | £170 | £1,630 | £25,726 | 15.8 yrs | £6,865 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.