A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1017 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £850, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 813 kWh | 1220 kWh | £218 | £122 | £340 | £4,069 | 12.0 yrs | £2,734 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 1220 kWh | 1830 kWh | £327 | £183 | £510 | £6,104 | 12.0 yrs | £4,100 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 1627 kWh | 2440 kWh | £436 | £244 | £680 | £8,138 | 12.0 yrs | £5,467 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 2033 kWh | 3050 kWh | £545 | £305 | £850 | £10,173 | 12.0 yrs | £6,834 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 2440 kWh | 3660 kWh | £654 | £366 | £1,020 | £12,207 | 12.0 yrs | £8,201 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 2847 kWh | 4270 kWh | £763 | £427 | £1,190 | £14,242 | 12.0 yrs | £9,568 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 3253 kWh | 4880 kWh | £873 | £488 | £1,361 | £16,276 | 12.0 yrs | £10,935 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,021, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 12.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 1220 kWh | 813 kWh | £327 | £81 | £409 | £6,169 | 15.1 yrs | £2,002 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 1830 kWh | 1220 kWh | £491 | £122 | £613 | £8,204 | 13.4 yrs | £4,053 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 2440 kWh | 1627 kWh | £654 | £163 | £817 | £10,238 | 12.5 yrs | £6,103 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 3050 kWh | 2033 kWh | £818 | £203 | £1,021 | £12,273 | 12.0 yrs | £8,154 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 3660 kWh | 2440 kWh | £982 | £244 | £1,226 | £14,307 | 11.7 yrs | £10,205 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 4270 kWh | 2847 kWh | £1,145 | £285 | £1,430 | £16,342 | 11.4 yrs | £12,256 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 4880 kWh | 3253 kWh | £1,309 | £325 | £1,634 | £18,376 | 11.2 yrs | £14,307 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,107, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 12.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 1423 kWh | 610 kWh | £382 | £61 | £443 | £7,569 | 17.1 yrs | £1,286 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 2135 kWh | 915 kWh | £573 | £91 | £664 | £9,604 | 14.5 yrs | £3,679 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 2847 kWh | 1220 kWh | £763 | £122 | £885 | £11,638 | 13.1 yrs | £6,071 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 3558 kWh | 1525 kWh | £954 | £152 | £1,107 | £13,673 | 12.4 yrs | £8,464 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 4270 kWh | 1830 kWh | £1,145 | £183 | £1,328 | £15,707 | 11.8 yrs | £10,857 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 4982 kWh | 2135 kWh | £1,336 | £213 | £1,550 | £17,742 | 11.4 yrs | £13,250 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 5693 kWh | 2440 kWh | £1,527 | £244 | £1,771 | £19,776 | 11.2 yrs | £15,643 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,132, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 1484 kWh | 549 kWh | £398 | £55 | £453 | £9,319 | 20.6 yrs | £-259 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 2226 kWh | 823 kWh | £597 | £82 | £679 | £11,354 | 16.7 yrs | £2,236 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 2969 kWh | 1098 kWh | £796 | £110 | £906 | £13,388 | 14.8 yrs | £4,732 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 3711 kWh | 1372 kWh | £995 | £137 | £1,132 | £15,423 | 13.6 yrs | £7,227 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 4453 kWh | 1647 kWh | £1,194 | £165 | £1,359 | £17,457 | 12.8 yrs | £9,723 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 5195 kWh | 1921 kWh | £1,393 | £192 | £1,585 | £19,492 | 12.3 yrs | £12,218 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 5937 kWh | 2196 kWh | £1,592 | £220 | £1,812 | £21,526 | 11.9 yrs | £14,714 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,150, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 14.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 1525 kWh | 508 kWh | £409 | £51 | £460 | £11,069 | 24.1 yrs | £-1,872 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 2287 kWh | 762 kWh | £614 | £76 | £690 | £13,104 | 19.0 yrs | £692 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 3050 kWh | 1017 kWh | £818 | £102 | £920 | £15,138 | 16.5 yrs | £3,255 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 3812 kWh | 1271 kWh | £1,023 | £127 | £1,150 | £17,173 | 14.9 yrs | £5,819 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 4575 kWh | 1525 kWh | £1,227 | £152 | £1,380 | £19,207 | 13.9 yrs | £8,383 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 5337 kWh | 1779 kWh | £1,432 | £178 | £1,609 | £21,242 | 13.2 yrs | £10,947 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 6100 kWh | 2033 kWh | £1,636 | £203 | £1,839 | £23,276 | 12.7 yrs | £13,511 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,167, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 16.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2033 kWh | 1566 kWh | 468 kWh | £420 | £47 | £467 | £13,519 | 29.0 yrs | £-4,186 |
| 3 kW | 3050 kWh | 2348 kWh | 701 kWh | £630 | £70 | £700 | £15,554 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,553 |
| 4 kW | 4067 kWh | 3131 kWh | 935 kWh | £840 | £94 | £933 | £17,588 | 18.8 yrs | £1,079 |
| 5 kW | 5083 kWh | 3914 kWh | 1169 kWh | £1,050 | £117 | £1,167 | £19,623 | 16.8 yrs | £3,711 |
| 6 kW | 6100 kWh | 4697 kWh | 1403 kWh | £1,260 | £140 | £1,400 | £21,657 | 15.5 yrs | £6,343 |
| 7 kW | 7117 kWh | 5480 kWh | 1637 kWh | £1,470 | £164 | £1,633 | £23,692 | 14.5 yrs | £8,976 |
| 8 kW | 8133 kWh | 6263 kWh | 1871 kWh | £1,680 | £187 | £1,867 | £25,726 | 13.8 yrs | £11,608 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.