A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 1110 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 26.5p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £920, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 888 kWh | 1331 kWh | £235 | £133 | £368 | £4,069 | 11.1 yrs | £3,295 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 1331 kWh | 1997 kWh | £353 | £200 | £552 | £6,104 | 11.1 yrs | £4,942 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 1775 kWh | 2663 kWh | £470 | £266 | £736 | £8,138 | 11.1 yrs | £6,590 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 2219 kWh | 3329 kWh | £588 | £333 | £920 | £10,173 | 11.1 yrs | £8,237 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 2663 kWh | 3994 kWh | £705 | £399 | £1,105 | £12,207 | 11.1 yrs | £9,885 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 3107 kWh | 4660 kWh | £823 | £466 | £1,289 | £14,242 | 11.1 yrs | £11,532 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 3551 kWh | 5326 kWh | £940 | £533 | £1,473 | £16,276 | 11.1 yrs | £13,180 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,103, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 11.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1331 kWh | 888 kWh | £353 | £89 | £441 | £6,169 | 14.0 yrs | £2,658 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 1997 kWh | 1331 kWh | £529 | £133 | £662 | £8,204 | 12.4 yrs | £5,037 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 2663 kWh | 1775 kWh | £705 | £178 | £883 | £10,238 | 11.6 yrs | £7,416 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 3329 kWh | 2219 kWh | £881 | £222 | £1,103 | £12,273 | 11.1 yrs | £9,795 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 3994 kWh | 2663 kWh | £1,058 | £266 | £1,324 | £14,307 | 10.8 yrs | £12,173 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 4660 kWh | 3107 kWh | £1,234 | £311 | £1,545 | £16,342 | 10.6 yrs | £14,552 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 5326 kWh | 3551 kWh | £1,410 | £355 | £1,765 | £18,376 | 10.4 yrs | £16,931 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,195, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 11.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1553 kWh | 666 kWh | £411 | £67 | £478 | £7,569 | 15.8 yrs | £1,989 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 2330 kWh | 999 kWh | £617 | £100 | £717 | £9,604 | 13.4 yrs | £4,734 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 3107 kWh | 1331 kWh | £823 | £133 | £956 | £11,638 | 12.2 yrs | £7,479 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 3883 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,028 | £166 | £1,195 | £13,673 | 11.4 yrs | £10,223 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 4660 kWh | 1997 kWh | £1,234 | £200 | £1,434 | £15,707 | 11.0 yrs | £12,968 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 5437 kWh | 2330 kWh | £1,440 | £233 | £1,673 | £17,742 | 10.6 yrs | £15,712 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 6214 kWh | 2663 kWh | £1,645 | £266 | £1,912 | £19,776 | 10.3 yrs | £18,457 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,222, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 12.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1620 kWh | 599 kWh | £429 | £60 | £489 | £9,319 | 19.1 yrs | £459 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 2430 kWh | 899 kWh | £643 | £90 | £733 | £11,354 | 15.5 yrs | £3,313 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 3240 kWh | 1198 kWh | £858 | £120 | £978 | £13,388 | 13.7 yrs | £6,167 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 4050 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,072 | £150 | £1,222 | £15,423 | 12.6 yrs | £9,022 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 4860 kWh | 1798 kWh | £1,287 | £180 | £1,467 | £17,457 | 11.9 yrs | £11,876 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 5670 kWh | 2097 kWh | £1,501 | £210 | £1,711 | £19,492 | 11.4 yrs | £14,730 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 6480 kWh | 2397 kWh | £1,716 | £240 | £1,956 | £21,526 | 11.0 yrs | £17,585 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,240, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1664 kWh | 555 kWh | £441 | £55 | £496 | £11,069 | 22.3 yrs | £-1,145 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 2497 kWh | 832 kWh | £661 | £83 | £744 | £13,104 | 17.6 yrs | £1,782 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 3329 kWh | 1110 kWh | £881 | £111 | £992 | £15,138 | 15.3 yrs | £4,710 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 4161 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,102 | £139 | £1,240 | £17,173 | 13.8 yrs | £7,637 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 4993 kWh | 1664 kWh | £1,322 | £166 | £1,489 | £19,207 | 12.9 yrs | £10,565 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 5825 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,543 | £194 | £1,737 | £21,242 | 12.2 yrs | £13,492 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 6657 kWh | 2219 kWh | £1,763 | £222 | £1,985 | £23,276 | 11.7 yrs | £16,420 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,259, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 2219 kWh | 1709 kWh | 510 kWh | £452 | £51 | £504 | £13,519 | 26.8 yrs | £-3,449 |
| 3 kW | 3329 kWh | 2563 kWh | 766 kWh | £679 | £77 | £755 | £15,554 | 20.6 yrs | £-448 |
| 4 kW | 4438 kWh | 3417 kWh | 1021 kWh | £905 | £102 | £1,007 | £17,588 | 17.5 yrs | £2,553 |
| 5 kW | 5548 kWh | 4272 kWh | 1276 kWh | £1,131 | £128 | £1,259 | £19,623 | 15.6 yrs | £5,553 |
| 6 kW | 6657 kWh | 5126 kWh | 1531 kWh | £1,357 | £153 | £1,511 | £21,657 | 14.3 yrs | £8,554 |
| 7 kW | 7767 kWh | 5981 kWh | 1786 kWh | £1,584 | £179 | £1,762 | £23,692 | 13.4 yrs | £11,554 |
| 8 kW | 8877 kWh | 6835 kWh | 2042 kWh | £1,810 | £204 | £2,014 | £25,726 | 12.8 yrs | £14,555 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.