A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 912 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £737, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 730 kWh | 1094 kWh | £186 | £109 | £295 | £4,069 | 13.8 yrs | £1,830 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 1094 kWh | 1641 kWh | £278 | £164 | £442 | £6,104 | 13.8 yrs | £2,745 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 1459 kWh | 2189 kWh | £371 | £219 | £590 | £8,138 | 13.8 yrs | £3,660 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 1824 kWh | 2736 kWh | £464 | £274 | £737 | £10,173 | 13.8 yrs | £4,575 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 2189 kWh | 3283 kWh | £557 | £328 | £885 | £12,207 | 13.8 yrs | £5,489 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 2553 kWh | 3830 kWh | £649 | £383 | £1,032 | £14,242 | 13.8 yrs | £6,404 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 2918 kWh | 4377 kWh | £742 | £438 | £1,180 | £16,276 | 13.8 yrs | £7,319 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £878, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 14.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 1094 kWh | 730 kWh | £278 | £73 | £351 | £6,169 | 17.6 yrs | £855 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 1641 kWh | 1094 kWh | £417 | £109 | £527 | £8,204 | 15.6 yrs | £2,333 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 2189 kWh | 1459 kWh | £557 | £146 | £702 | £10,238 | 14.6 yrs | £3,811 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 2736 kWh | 1824 kWh | £696 | £182 | £878 | £12,273 | 14.0 yrs | £5,289 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 3283 kWh | 2189 kWh | £835 | £219 | £1,054 | £14,307 | 13.6 yrs | £6,766 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 3830 kWh | 2553 kWh | £974 | £255 | £1,229 | £16,342 | 13.3 yrs | £8,244 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 4377 kWh | 2918 kWh | £1,113 | £292 | £1,405 | £18,376 | 13.1 yrs | £9,722 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £948, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 1277 kWh | 547 kWh | £325 | £55 | £379 | £7,569 | 20.0 yrs | £18 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 1915 kWh | 821 kWh | £487 | £82 | £569 | £9,604 | 16.9 yrs | £1,777 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 2553 kWh | 1094 kWh | £649 | £109 | £759 | £11,638 | 15.3 yrs | £3,537 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 3192 kWh | 1368 kWh | £812 | £137 | £948 | £13,673 | 14.4 yrs | £5,296 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 3830 kWh | 1641 kWh | £974 | £164 | £1,138 | £15,707 | 13.8 yrs | £7,055 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 4468 kWh | 1915 kWh | £1,136 | £191 | £1,328 | £17,742 | 13.4 yrs | £8,814 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 5107 kWh | 2189 kWh | £1,299 | £219 | £1,517 | £19,776 | 13.0 yrs | £10,573 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £970, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 1331 kWh | 492 kWh | £339 | £49 | £388 | £9,319 | 24.0 yrs | £-1,563 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 1997 kWh | 739 kWh | £508 | £74 | £582 | £11,354 | 19.5 yrs | £281 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 2663 kWh | 985 kWh | £677 | £98 | £776 | £13,388 | 17.3 yrs | £2,124 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 3328 kWh | 1231 kWh | £846 | £123 | £970 | £15,423 | 15.9 yrs | £3,968 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 3994 kWh | 1477 kWh | £1,016 | £148 | £1,163 | £17,457 | 15.0 yrs | £5,811 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 4660 kWh | 1723 kWh | £1,185 | £172 | £1,357 | £19,492 | 14.4 yrs | £7,655 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 5325 kWh | 1970 kWh | £1,354 | £197 | £1,551 | £21,526 | 13.9 yrs | £9,498 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £984, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 1368 kWh | 456 kWh | £348 | £46 | £393 | £11,069 | 28.1 yrs | £-3,200 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 2052 kWh | 684 kWh | £522 | £68 | £590 | £13,104 | 22.2 yrs | £-1,300 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 2736 kWh | 912 kWh | £696 | £91 | £787 | £15,138 | 19.2 yrs | £599 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 3420 kWh | 1140 kWh | £870 | £114 | £984 | £17,173 | 17.5 yrs | £2,499 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 4104 kWh | 1368 kWh | £1,044 | £137 | £1,180 | £19,207 | 16.3 yrs | £4,399 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 4787 kWh | 1596 kWh | £1,217 | £160 | £1,377 | £21,242 | 15.4 yrs | £6,299 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 5471 kWh | 1824 kWh | £1,391 | £182 | £1,574 | £23,276 | 14.8 yrs | £8,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1824 kWh | 1404 kWh | 419 kWh | £357 | £42 | £399 | £13,519 | 33.9 yrs | £-5,538 |
| 3 kW | 2736 kWh | 2106 kWh | 629 kWh | £536 | £63 | £599 | £15,554 | 26.0 yrs | £-3,582 |
| 4 kW | 3648 kWh | 2809 kWh | 839 kWh | £714 | £84 | £798 | £17,588 | 22.0 yrs | £-1,626 |
| 5 kW | 4559 kWh | 3511 kWh | 1049 kWh | £893 | £105 | £998 | £19,623 | 19.7 yrs | £331 |
| 6 kW | 5471 kWh | 4213 kWh | 1258 kWh | £1,071 | £126 | £1,197 | £21,657 | 18.1 yrs | £2,287 |
| 7 kW | 6383 kWh | 4915 kWh | 1468 kWh | £1,250 | £147 | £1,397 | £23,692 | 17.0 yrs | £4,243 |
| 8 kW | 7295 kWh | 5617 kWh | 1678 kWh | £1,428 | £168 | £1,596 | £25,726 | 16.1 yrs | £6,199 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.