A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 918 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £742, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 734 kWh | 1102 kWh | £187 | £110 | £297 | £4,069 | 13.7 yrs | £1,870 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 1102 kWh | 1653 kWh | £280 | £165 | £445 | £6,104 | 13.7 yrs | £2,805 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 1469 kWh | 2203 kWh | £374 | £220 | £594 | £8,138 | 13.7 yrs | £3,740 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 1836 kWh | 2754 kWh | £467 | £275 | £742 | £10,173 | 13.7 yrs | £4,675 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 2203 kWh | 3305 kWh | £560 | £331 | £891 | £12,207 | 13.7 yrs | £5,610 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 2571 kWh | 3856 kWh | £654 | £386 | £1,039 | £14,242 | 13.7 yrs | £6,545 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 2938 kWh | 4407 kWh | £747 | £441 | £1,188 | £16,276 | 13.7 yrs | £7,480 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £884, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 1102 kWh | 734 kWh | £280 | £73 | £354 | £6,169 | 17.4 yrs | £903 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 1653 kWh | 1102 kWh | £420 | £110 | £530 | £8,204 | 15.5 yrs | £2,405 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 2203 kWh | 1469 kWh | £560 | £147 | £707 | £10,238 | 14.5 yrs | £3,907 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 2754 kWh | 1836 kWh | £700 | £184 | £884 | £12,273 | 13.9 yrs | £5,408 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 3305 kWh | 2203 kWh | £841 | £220 | £1,061 | £14,307 | 13.5 yrs | £6,910 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 3856 kWh | 2571 kWh | £981 | £257 | £1,238 | £16,342 | 13.2 yrs | £8,412 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 4407 kWh | 2938 kWh | £1,121 | £294 | £1,414 | £18,376 | 13.0 yrs | £9,913 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £955, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 1285 kWh | 551 kWh | £327 | £55 | £382 | £7,569 | 19.8 yrs | £70 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 1928 kWh | 826 kWh | £490 | £83 | £573 | £9,604 | 16.8 yrs | £1,855 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 2571 kWh | 1102 kWh | £654 | £110 | £764 | £11,638 | 15.2 yrs | £3,640 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 3213 kWh | 1377 kWh | £817 | £138 | £955 | £13,673 | 14.3 yrs | £5,425 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 3856 kWh | 1653 kWh | £981 | £165 | £1,146 | £15,707 | 13.7 yrs | £7,210 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 4499 kWh | 1928 kWh | £1,144 | £193 | £1,337 | £17,742 | 13.3 yrs | £8,995 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 5141 kWh | 2203 kWh | £1,307 | £220 | £1,528 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £10,780 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £976, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 1340 kWh | 496 kWh | £341 | £50 | £390 | £9,319 | 23.9 yrs | £-1,510 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 2011 kWh | 744 kWh | £511 | £74 | £586 | £11,354 | 19.4 yrs | £360 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 2681 kWh | 992 kWh | £682 | £99 | £781 | £13,388 | 17.1 yrs | £2,230 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 3351 kWh | 1239 kWh | £852 | £124 | £976 | £15,423 | 15.8 yrs | £4,100 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 4021 kWh | 1487 kWh | £1,023 | £149 | £1,171 | £17,457 | 14.9 yrs | £5,970 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 4691 kWh | 1735 kWh | £1,193 | £174 | £1,367 | £19,492 | 14.3 yrs | £7,840 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 5362 kWh | 1983 kWh | £1,363 | £198 | £1,562 | £21,526 | 13.8 yrs | £9,710 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £990, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 1377 kWh | 459 kWh | £350 | £46 | £396 | £11,069 | 27.9 yrs | £-3,147 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 2066 kWh | 689 kWh | £525 | £69 | £594 | £13,104 | 22.1 yrs | £-1,220 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 2754 kWh | 918 kWh | £700 | £92 | £792 | £15,138 | 19.1 yrs | £707 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 3443 kWh | 1148 kWh | £876 | £115 | £990 | £17,173 | 17.3 yrs | £2,633 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 4131 kWh | 1377 kWh | £1,051 | £138 | £1,188 | £19,207 | 16.2 yrs | £4,560 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 4820 kWh | 1607 kWh | £1,226 | £161 | £1,386 | £21,242 | 15.3 yrs | £6,486 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 5509 kWh | 1836 kWh | £1,401 | £184 | £1,584 | £23,276 | 14.7 yrs | £8,413 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1836 kWh | 1414 kWh | 422 kWh | £360 | £42 | £402 | £13,519 | 33.6 yrs | £-5,483 |
| 3 kW | 2754 kWh | 2121 kWh | 633 kWh | £539 | £63 | £603 | £15,554 | 25.8 yrs | £-3,500 |
| 4 kW | 3672 kWh | 2828 kWh | 845 kWh | £719 | £84 | £804 | £17,588 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,517 |
| 5 kW | 4590 kWh | 3535 kWh | 1056 kWh | £899 | £106 | £1,004 | £19,623 | 19.5 yrs | £466 |
| 6 kW | 5509 kWh | 4242 kWh | 1267 kWh | £1,079 | £127 | £1,205 | £21,657 | 18.0 yrs | £2,450 |
| 7 kW | 6427 kWh | 4949 kWh | 1478 kWh | £1,258 | £148 | £1,406 | £23,692 | 16.8 yrs | £4,433 |
| 8 kW | 7345 kWh | 5655 kWh | 1689 kWh | £1,438 | £169 | £1,607 | £25,726 | 16.0 yrs | £6,416 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.