A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 850 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £687, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 14.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 680 kWh | 1019 kWh | £173 | £102 | £275 | £4,069 | 14.8 yrs | £1,426 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1019 kWh | 1529 kWh | £259 | £153 | £412 | £6,104 | 14.8 yrs | £2,140 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 1359 kWh | 2039 kWh | £346 | £204 | £550 | £8,138 | 14.8 yrs | £2,853 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 1699 kWh | 2549 kWh | £432 | £255 | £687 | £10,173 | 14.8 yrs | £3,566 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 2039 kWh | 3058 kWh | £518 | £306 | £824 | £12,207 | 14.8 yrs | £4,279 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 2379 kWh | 3568 kWh | £605 | £357 | £962 | £14,242 | 14.8 yrs | £4,992 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 2718 kWh | 4078 kWh | £691 | £408 | £1,099 | £16,276 | 14.8 yrs | £5,706 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £818, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 15.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 1019 kWh | 680 kWh | £259 | £68 | £327 | £6,169 | 18.9 yrs | £375 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1529 kWh | 1019 kWh | £389 | £102 | £491 | £8,204 | 16.7 yrs | £1,613 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 2039 kWh | 1359 kWh | £518 | £136 | £654 | £10,238 | 15.6 yrs | £2,850 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 2549 kWh | 1699 kWh | £648 | £170 | £818 | £12,273 | 15.0 yrs | £4,088 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 3058 kWh | 2039 kWh | £778 | £204 | £982 | £14,307 | 14.6 yrs | £5,325 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 3568 kWh | 2379 kWh | £907 | £238 | £1,145 | £16,342 | 14.3 yrs | £6,563 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 4078 kWh | 2718 kWh | £1,037 | £272 | £1,309 | £18,376 | 14.0 yrs | £7,800 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £884, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 15.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 1189 kWh | 510 kWh | £302 | £51 | £353 | £7,569 | 21.4 yrs | £-501 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1784 kWh | 765 kWh | £454 | £76 | £530 | £9,604 | 18.1 yrs | £999 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 2379 kWh | 1019 kWh | £605 | £102 | £707 | £11,638 | 16.5 yrs | £2,499 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 2973 kWh | 1274 kWh | £756 | £127 | £884 | £13,673 | 15.5 yrs | £3,999 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 3568 kWh | 1529 kWh | £907 | £153 | £1,060 | £15,707 | 14.8 yrs | £5,498 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 4163 kWh | 1784 kWh | £1,059 | £178 | £1,237 | £17,742 | 14.3 yrs | £6,998 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 4757 kWh | 2039 kWh | £1,210 | £204 | £1,414 | £19,776 | 14.0 yrs | £8,498 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £903, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 1240 kWh | 459 kWh | £315 | £46 | £361 | £9,319 | 25.8 yrs | £-2,093 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1860 kWh | 688 kWh | £473 | £69 | £542 | £11,354 | 21.0 yrs | £-515 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 2481 kWh | 917 kWh | £631 | £92 | £723 | £13,388 | 18.5 yrs | £1,063 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 3101 kWh | 1147 kWh | £789 | £115 | £903 | £15,423 | 17.1 yrs | £2,642 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 3721 kWh | 1376 kWh | £946 | £138 | £1,084 | £17,457 | 16.1 yrs | £4,220 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 4341 kWh | 1606 kWh | £1,104 | £161 | £1,265 | £19,492 | 15.4 yrs | £5,798 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 4961 kWh | 1835 kWh | £1,262 | £183 | £1,445 | £21,526 | 14.9 yrs | £7,377 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £916, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 18.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 1274 kWh | 425 kWh | £324 | £42 | £367 | £11,069 | 30.2 yrs | £-3,738 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1911 kWh | 637 kWh | £486 | £64 | £550 | £13,104 | 23.8 yrs | £-2,108 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 2549 kWh | 850 kWh | £648 | £85 | £733 | £15,138 | 20.7 yrs | £-477 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 3186 kWh | 1062 kWh | £810 | £106 | £916 | £17,173 | 18.7 yrs | £1,154 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 3823 kWh | 1274 kWh | £972 | £127 | £1,100 | £19,207 | 17.5 yrs | £2,785 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 4460 kWh | 1487 kWh | £1,134 | £149 | £1,283 | £21,242 | 16.6 yrs | £4,416 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 5097 kWh | 1699 kWh | £1,296 | £170 | £1,466 | £23,276 | 15.9 yrs | £6,046 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £929, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 21.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1699 kWh | 1308 kWh | 391 kWh | £333 | £39 | £372 | £13,519 | 36.4 yrs | £-6,084 |
| 3 kW | 2549 kWh | 1962 kWh | 586 kWh | £499 | £59 | £558 | £15,554 | 27.9 yrs | £-4,400 |
| 4 kW | 3398 kWh | 2617 kWh | 782 kWh | £665 | £78 | £744 | £17,588 | 23.7 yrs | £-2,717 |
| 5 kW | 4248 kWh | 3271 kWh | 977 kWh | £832 | £98 | £929 | £19,623 | 21.1 yrs | £-1,034 |
| 6 kW | 5097 kWh | 3925 kWh | 1172 kWh | £998 | £117 | £1,115 | £21,657 | 19.4 yrs | £649 |
| 7 kW | 5947 kWh | 4579 kWh | 1368 kWh | £1,164 | £137 | £1,301 | £23,692 | 18.2 yrs | £2,333 |
| 8 kW | 6796 kWh | 5233 kWh | 1563 kWh | £1,331 | £156 | £1,487 | £25,726 | 17.3 yrs | £4,016 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.