A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 925 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £748, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 740 kWh | 1110 kWh | £188 | £111 | £299 | £4,069 | 13.6 yrs | £1,913 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 1110 kWh | 1665 kWh | £282 | £166 | £449 | £6,104 | 13.6 yrs | £2,870 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 1480 kWh | 2220 kWh | £376 | £222 | £598 | £8,138 | 13.6 yrs | £3,827 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 1850 kWh | 2774 kWh | £470 | £277 | £748 | £10,173 | 13.6 yrs | £4,783 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 2220 kWh | 3329 kWh | £564 | £333 | £897 | £12,207 | 13.6 yrs | £5,740 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 2589 kWh | 3884 kWh | £658 | £388 | £1,047 | £14,242 | 13.6 yrs | £6,697 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 2959 kWh | 4439 kWh | £753 | £444 | £1,196 | £16,276 | 13.6 yrs | £7,653 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £890, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 1110 kWh | 740 kWh | £282 | £74 | £356 | £6,169 | 17.3 yrs | £955 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 1665 kWh | 1110 kWh | £423 | £111 | £534 | £8,204 | 15.4 yrs | £2,482 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 2220 kWh | 1480 kWh | £564 | £148 | £712 | £10,238 | 14.4 yrs | £4,010 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 2774 kWh | 1850 kWh | £706 | £185 | £890 | £12,273 | 13.8 yrs | £5,537 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 3329 kWh | 2220 kWh | £847 | £222 | £1,069 | £14,307 | 13.4 yrs | £7,065 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 3884 kWh | 2589 kWh | £988 | £259 | £1,247 | £16,342 | 13.1 yrs | £8,592 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 4439 kWh | 2959 kWh | £1,129 | £296 | £1,425 | £18,376 | 12.9 yrs | £10,120 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £962, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 1295 kWh | 555 kWh | £329 | £55 | £385 | £7,569 | 19.7 yrs | £126 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 1942 kWh | 832 kWh | £494 | £83 | £577 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,939 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 2589 kWh | 1110 kWh | £658 | £111 | £769 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,751 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 3237 kWh | 1387 kWh | £823 | £139 | £962 | £13,673 | 14.2 yrs | £5,564 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 3884 kWh | 1665 kWh | £988 | £166 | £1,154 | £15,707 | 13.6 yrs | £7,377 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 4532 kWh | 1942 kWh | £1,152 | £194 | £1,347 | £17,742 | 13.2 yrs | £9,190 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 5179 kWh | 2220 kWh | £1,317 | £222 | £1,539 | £19,776 | 12.9 yrs | £11,003 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £983, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 1350 kWh | 499 kWh | £343 | £50 | £393 | £9,319 | 23.7 yrs | £-1,453 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 2025 kWh | 749 kWh | £515 | £75 | £590 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £445 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 2700 kWh | 999 kWh | £687 | £100 | £787 | £13,388 | 17.0 yrs | £2,344 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 3376 kWh | 1248 kWh | £858 | £125 | £983 | £15,423 | 15.7 yrs | £4,242 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 4051 kWh | 1498 kWh | £1,030 | £150 | £1,180 | £17,457 | 14.8 yrs | £6,141 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 4726 kWh | 1748 kWh | £1,202 | £175 | £1,377 | £19,492 | 14.2 yrs | £8,039 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 5401 kWh | 1998 kWh | £1,373 | £200 | £1,573 | £21,526 | 13.7 yrs | £9,938 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £998, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 1387 kWh | 462 kWh | £353 | £46 | £399 | £11,069 | 27.7 yrs | £-3,089 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 2081 kWh | 694 kWh | £529 | £69 | £599 | £13,104 | 21.9 yrs | £-1,133 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 2774 kWh | 925 kWh | £706 | £92 | £798 | £15,138 | 19.0 yrs | £822 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 3468 kWh | 1156 kWh | £882 | £116 | £998 | £17,173 | 17.2 yrs | £2,778 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 4162 kWh | 1387 kWh | £1,058 | £139 | £1,197 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,733 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 4855 kWh | 1618 kWh | £1,235 | £162 | £1,397 | £21,242 | 15.2 yrs | £6,689 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 5549 kWh | 1850 kWh | £1,411 | £185 | £1,596 | £23,276 | 14.6 yrs | £8,644 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,012, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1850 kWh | 1424 kWh | 425 kWh | £362 | £43 | £405 | £13,519 | 33.4 yrs | £-5,425 |
| 3 kW | 2774 kWh | 2136 kWh | 638 kWh | £543 | £64 | £607 | £15,554 | 25.6 yrs | £-3,412 |
| 4 kW | 3699 kWh | 2848 kWh | 851 kWh | £724 | £85 | £809 | £17,588 | 21.7 yrs | £-1,400 |
| 5 kW | 4624 kWh | 3560 kWh | 1064 kWh | £905 | £106 | £1,012 | £19,623 | 19.4 yrs | £613 |
| 6 kW | 5549 kWh | 4273 kWh | 1276 kWh | £1,087 | £128 | £1,214 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,626 |
| 7 kW | 6474 kWh | 4985 kWh | 1489 kWh | £1,268 | £149 | £1,416 | £23,692 | 16.7 yrs | £4,638 |
| 8 kW | 7398 kWh | 5697 kWh | 1702 kWh | £1,449 | £170 | £1,619 | £25,726 | 15.9 yrs | £6,651 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.