A typical roof here lands around 4.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 929 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £751, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 743 kWh | 1115 kWh | £189 | £112 | £301 | £4,069 | 13.5 yrs | £1,942 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 1115 kWh | 1673 kWh | £284 | £167 | £451 | £6,104 | 13.5 yrs | £2,913 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 1487 kWh | 2230 kWh | £378 | £223 | £601 | £8,138 | 13.5 yrs | £3,884 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 1858 kWh | 2788 kWh | £473 | £279 | £751 | £10,173 | 13.5 yrs | £4,855 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 2230 kWh | 3345 kWh | £567 | £335 | £902 | £12,207 | 13.5 yrs | £5,826 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 2602 kWh | 3903 kWh | £662 | £390 | £1,052 | £14,242 | 13.5 yrs | £6,797 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 2974 kWh | 4460 kWh | £756 | £446 | £1,202 | £16,276 | 13.5 yrs | £7,768 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £895, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 1115 kWh | 743 kWh | £284 | £74 | £358 | £6,169 | 17.2 yrs | £989 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 1673 kWh | 1115 kWh | £425 | £112 | £537 | £8,204 | 15.3 yrs | £2,534 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 2230 kWh | 1487 kWh | £567 | £149 | £716 | £10,238 | 14.3 yrs | £4,078 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 2788 kWh | 1858 kWh | £709 | £186 | £895 | £12,273 | 13.7 yrs | £5,623 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 3345 kWh | 2230 kWh | £851 | £223 | £1,074 | £14,307 | 13.3 yrs | £7,168 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 3903 kWh | 2602 kWh | £992 | £260 | £1,253 | £16,342 | 13.0 yrs | £8,712 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 4460 kWh | 2974 kWh | £1,134 | £297 | £1,432 | £18,376 | 12.8 yrs | £10,257 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £966, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 14.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 1301 kWh | 558 kWh | £331 | £56 | £387 | £7,569 | 19.6 yrs | £163 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 1951 kWh | 836 kWh | £496 | £84 | £580 | £9,604 | 16.6 yrs | £1,994 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 2602 kWh | 1115 kWh | £662 | £112 | £773 | £11,638 | 15.1 yrs | £3,825 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 3252 kWh | 1394 kWh | £827 | £139 | £966 | £13,673 | 14.1 yrs | £5,657 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 3903 kWh | 1673 kWh | £992 | £167 | £1,160 | £15,707 | 13.5 yrs | £7,488 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 4553 kWh | 1951 kWh | £1,158 | £195 | £1,353 | £17,742 | 13.1 yrs | £9,319 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 5204 kWh | 2230 kWh | £1,323 | £223 | £1,546 | £19,776 | 12.8 yrs | £11,151 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £988, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.6 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 1357 kWh | 502 kWh | £345 | £50 | £395 | £9,319 | 23.6 yrs | £-1,415 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 2035 kWh | 753 kWh | £518 | £75 | £593 | £11,354 | 19.2 yrs | £502 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 2713 kWh | 1004 kWh | £690 | £100 | £790 | £13,388 | 16.9 yrs | £2,420 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 3392 kWh | 1254 kWh | £863 | £125 | £988 | £15,423 | 15.6 yrs | £4,337 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 4070 kWh | 1505 kWh | £1,035 | £151 | £1,186 | £17,457 | 14.7 yrs | £6,254 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 4748 kWh | 1756 kWh | £1,208 | £176 | £1,383 | £19,492 | 14.1 yrs | £8,172 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 5427 kWh | 2007 kWh | £1,380 | £201 | £1,581 | £21,526 | 13.6 yrs | £10,089 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,002, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 17.1 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 1394 kWh | 465 kWh | £354 | £46 | £401 | £11,069 | 27.6 yrs | £-3,051 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 2091 kWh | 697 kWh | £532 | £70 | £601 | £13,104 | 21.8 yrs | £-1,076 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 2788 kWh | 929 kWh | £709 | £93 | £802 | £15,138 | 18.9 yrs | £899 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 3485 kWh | 1162 kWh | £886 | £116 | £1,002 | £17,173 | 17.1 yrs | £2,874 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 4182 kWh | 1394 kWh | £1,063 | £139 | £1,203 | £19,207 | 16.0 yrs | £4,848 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 4879 kWh | 1626 kWh | £1,241 | £163 | £1,403 | £21,242 | 15.1 yrs | £6,823 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 5576 kWh | 1858 kWh | £1,418 | £186 | £1,604 | £23,276 | 14.5 yrs | £8,798 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,017, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.3 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1858 kWh | 1431 kWh | 427 kWh | £364 | £43 | £407 | £13,519 | 33.2 yrs | £-5,386 |
| 3 kW | 2788 kWh | 2147 kWh | 641 kWh | £546 | £64 | £610 | £15,554 | 25.5 yrs | £-3,354 |
| 4 kW | 3717 kWh | 2862 kWh | 855 kWh | £728 | £85 | £813 | £17,588 | 21.6 yrs | £-1,322 |
| 5 kW | 4646 kWh | 3578 kWh | 1069 kWh | £910 | £107 | £1,017 | £19,623 | 19.3 yrs | £710 |
| 6 kW | 5576 kWh | 4293 kWh | 1282 kWh | £1,092 | £128 | £1,220 | £21,657 | 17.8 yrs | £2,743 |
| 7 kW | 6505 kWh | 5009 kWh | 1496 kWh | £1,274 | £150 | £1,423 | £23,692 | 16.6 yrs | £4,775 |
| 8 kW | 7434 kWh | 5724 kWh | 1710 kWh | £1,456 | £171 | £1,627 | £25,726 | 15.8 yrs | £6,807 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.