A typical roof here lands around 5.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 953 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.4p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £771, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 763 kWh | 1144 kWh | £194 | £114 | £308 | £4,069 | 13.2 yrs | £2,098 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 1144 kWh | 1716 kWh | £291 | £172 | £463 | £6,104 | 13.2 yrs | £3,147 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 1525 kWh | 2288 kWh | £388 | £229 | £617 | £8,138 | 13.2 yrs | £4,195 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 1907 kWh | 2860 kWh | £485 | £286 | £771 | £10,173 | 13.2 yrs | £5,244 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 2288 kWh | 3432 kWh | £582 | £343 | £925 | £12,207 | 13.2 yrs | £6,293 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 2669 kWh | 4004 kWh | £679 | £400 | £1,079 | £14,242 | 13.2 yrs | £7,342 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 3051 kWh | 4576 kWh | £776 | £458 | £1,233 | £16,276 | 13.2 yrs | £8,391 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £918, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 1144 kWh | 763 kWh | £291 | £76 | £367 | £6,169 | 16.8 yrs | £1,174 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 1716 kWh | 1144 kWh | £436 | £114 | £551 | £8,204 | 14.9 yrs | £2,812 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 2288 kWh | 1525 kWh | £582 | £153 | £734 | £10,238 | 13.9 yrs | £4,449 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 2860 kWh | 1907 kWh | £727 | £191 | £918 | £12,273 | 13.4 yrs | £6,086 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 3432 kWh | 2288 kWh | £873 | £229 | £1,102 | £14,307 | 13.0 yrs | £7,723 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 4004 kWh | 2669 kWh | £1,018 | £267 | £1,285 | £16,342 | 12.7 yrs | £9,361 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 4576 kWh | 3051 kWh | £1,164 | £305 | £1,469 | £18,376 | 12.5 yrs | £10,998 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £991, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 1335 kWh | 572 kWh | £339 | £57 | £397 | £7,569 | 19.1 yrs | £363 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 2002 kWh | 858 kWh | £509 | £86 | £595 | £9,604 | 16.1 yrs | £2,294 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 2669 kWh | 1144 kWh | £679 | £114 | £793 | £11,638 | 14.7 yrs | £4,226 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 3337 kWh | 1430 kWh | £848 | £143 | £991 | £13,673 | 13.8 yrs | £6,157 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 4004 kWh | 1716 kWh | £1,018 | £172 | £1,190 | £15,707 | 13.2 yrs | £8,088 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 4671 kWh | 2002 kWh | £1,188 | £200 | £1,388 | £17,742 | 12.8 yrs | £10,020 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 5338 kWh | 2288 kWh | £1,358 | £229 | £1,586 | £19,776 | 12.5 yrs | £11,951 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,014, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.2 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 1392 kWh | 515 kWh | £354 | £51 | £405 | £9,319 | 23.0 yrs | £-1,211 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 2088 kWh | 772 kWh | £531 | £77 | £608 | £11,354 | 18.7 yrs | £809 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 2784 kWh | 1030 kWh | £708 | £103 | £811 | £13,388 | 16.5 yrs | £2,829 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 3480 kWh | 1287 kWh | £885 | £129 | £1,014 | £15,423 | 15.2 yrs | £4,848 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 4175 kWh | 1544 kWh | £1,062 | £154 | £1,216 | £17,457 | 14.4 yrs | £6,868 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 4871 kWh | 1802 kWh | £1,239 | £180 | £1,419 | £19,492 | 13.7 yrs | £8,888 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 5567 kWh | 2059 kWh | £1,416 | £206 | £1,622 | £21,526 | 13.3 yrs | £10,907 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,028, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.7 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 1430 kWh | 477 kWh | £364 | £48 | £411 | £11,069 | 26.9 yrs | £-2,843 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 2145 kWh | 715 kWh | £545 | £71 | £617 | £13,104 | 21.2 yrs | £-764 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 2860 kWh | 953 kWh | £727 | £95 | £823 | £15,138 | 18.4 yrs | £1,314 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 3575 kWh | 1192 kWh | £909 | £119 | £1,028 | £17,173 | 16.7 yrs | £3,393 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 4290 kWh | 1430 kWh | £1,091 | £143 | £1,234 | £19,207 | 15.6 yrs | £5,471 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 5005 kWh | 1668 kWh | £1,273 | £167 | £1,440 | £21,242 | 14.8 yrs | £7,550 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 5720 kWh | 1907 kWh | £1,455 | £191 | £1,645 | £23,276 | 14.1 yrs | £9,628 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,043, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 18.8 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1907 kWh | 1468 kWh | 439 kWh | £373 | £44 | £417 | £13,519 | 32.4 yrs | £-5,175 |
| 3 kW | 2860 kWh | 2202 kWh | 658 kWh | £560 | £66 | £626 | £15,554 | 24.9 yrs | £-3,038 |
| 4 kW | 3813 kWh | 2936 kWh | 877 kWh | £747 | £88 | £834 | £17,588 | 21.1 yrs | £-901 |
| 5 kW | 4766 kWh | 3670 kWh | 1096 kWh | £933 | £110 | £1,043 | £19,623 | 18.8 yrs | £1,237 |
| 6 kW | 5720 kWh | 4404 kWh | 1316 kWh | £1,120 | £132 | £1,252 | £21,657 | 17.3 yrs | £3,374 |
| 7 kW | 6673 kWh | 5138 kWh | 1535 kWh | £1,307 | £153 | £1,460 | £23,692 | 16.2 yrs | £5,511 |
| 8 kW | 7626 kWh | 5872 kWh | 1754 kWh | £1,493 | £175 | £1,669 | £25,726 | 15.4 yrs | £7,649 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.