A typical roof here lands around 6.0 kW, with most eligible homes comfortably fitting within 3–6 kW. Each kilowatt of panels produces roughly 931 kWh per year on a south-facing roof. We value self-used electricity at 25.8p and exported surplus at a baseline 10p via SEG. Use the calculator above for your exact tariff.
Browse the scenarios below. Each battery size has its own expand — open the one that matches your plan (or just explore). For each system size (2–8 kW) we show annual output, how much you use directly, what gets exported, annual benefit, upfront cost, break-even, and a 20-year net. Negative numbers are possible — that’s the honest trade-off when adding more battery than your usage profile justifies.
No battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £761, Upfront: £10,173, Break-even: 13.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 745 kWh | 1118 kWh | £193 | £112 | £304 | £4,069 | 13.4 yrs | £2,017 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 1118 kWh | 1676 kWh | £289 | £168 | £456 | £6,104 | 13.4 yrs | £3,025 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 1490 kWh | 2235 kWh | £385 | £224 | £609 | £8,138 | 13.4 yrs | £4,034 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 1863 kWh | 2794 kWh | £481 | £279 | £761 | £10,173 | 13.4 yrs | £5,042 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 2235 kWh | 3353 kWh | £578 | £335 | £913 | £12,207 | 13.4 yrs | £6,051 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 2608 kWh | 3912 kWh | £674 | £391 | £1,065 | £14,242 | 13.4 yrs | £7,059 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 2980 kWh | 4471 kWh | £770 | £447 | £1,217 | £16,276 | 13.4 yrs | £8,068 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
3 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £908, Upfront: £12,273, Break-even: 13.5 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1118 kWh | 745 kWh | £289 | £75 | £363 | £6,169 | 17.0 yrs | £1,097 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 1676 kWh | 1118 kWh | £433 | £112 | £545 | £8,204 | 15.1 yrs | £2,696 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 2235 kWh | 1490 kWh | £578 | £149 | £727 | £10,238 | 14.1 yrs | £4,294 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 2794 kWh | 1863 kWh | £722 | £186 | £908 | £12,273 | 13.5 yrs | £5,893 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 3353 kWh | 2235 kWh | £866 | £224 | £1,090 | £14,307 | 13.1 yrs | £7,491 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 3912 kWh | 2608 kWh | £1,011 | £261 | £1,272 | £16,342 | 12.9 yrs | £9,090 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 4471 kWh | 2980 kWh | £1,155 | £298 | £1,453 | £18,376 | 12.6 yrs | £10,689 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £982, Upfront: £13,673, Break-even: 13.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1304 kWh | 559 kWh | £337 | £56 | £393 | £7,569 | 19.3 yrs | £287 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 1956 kWh | 838 kWh | £505 | £84 | £589 | £9,604 | 16.3 yrs | £2,181 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 2608 kWh | 1118 kWh | £674 | £112 | £786 | £11,638 | 14.8 yrs | £4,075 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 3260 kWh | 1397 kWh | £842 | £140 | £982 | £13,673 | 13.9 yrs | £5,968 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 3912 kWh | 1676 kWh | £1,011 | £168 | £1,178 | £15,707 | 13.3 yrs | £7,862 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 4564 kWh | 1956 kWh | £1,179 | £196 | £1,375 | £17,742 | 12.9 yrs | £9,755 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 5216 kWh | 2235 kWh | £1,348 | £224 | £1,571 | £19,776 | 12.6 yrs | £11,649 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
7.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,004, Upfront: £15,423, Break-even: 15.4 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1360 kWh | 503 kWh | £351 | £50 | £402 | £9,319 | 23.2 yrs | £-1,286 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 2040 kWh | 754 kWh | £527 | £75 | £602 | £11,354 | 18.8 yrs | £696 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 2720 kWh | 1006 kWh | £703 | £101 | £803 | £13,388 | 16.7 yrs | £2,679 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 3400 kWh | 1257 kWh | £878 | £126 | £1,004 | £15,423 | 15.4 yrs | £4,661 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 4079 kWh | 1509 kWh | £1,054 | £151 | £1,205 | £17,457 | 14.5 yrs | £6,643 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 4759 kWh | 1760 kWh | £1,230 | £176 | £1,406 | £19,492 | 13.9 yrs | £8,625 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 5439 kWh | 2012 kWh | £1,405 | £201 | £1,607 | £21,526 | 13.4 yrs | £10,607 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
10 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,019, Upfront: £17,173, Break-even: 16.9 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1397 kWh | 466 kWh | £361 | £47 | £408 | £11,069 | 27.2 yrs | £-2,918 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 2096 kWh | 699 kWh | £541 | £70 | £611 | £13,104 | 21.4 yrs | £-877 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 2794 kWh | 931 kWh | £722 | £93 | £815 | £15,138 | 18.6 yrs | £1,165 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 3493 kWh | 1164 kWh | £902 | £116 | £1,019 | £17,173 | 16.9 yrs | £3,206 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 4191 kWh | 1397 kWh | £1,083 | £140 | £1,223 | £19,207 | 15.7 yrs | £5,247 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 4890 kWh | 1630 kWh | £1,263 | £163 | £1,426 | £21,242 | 14.9 yrs | £7,288 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 5588 kWh | 1863 kWh | £1,444 | £186 | £1,630 | £23,276 | 14.3 yrs | £9,329 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
13.5 kWh battery 5 kW example → Annual benefit: £1,034, Upfront: £19,623, Break-even: 19.0 yrs
| System | Annual output | Self-use | Exported | Bill saving | Export income | Annual benefit | Upfront cost | Break-even | 20-year net |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 kW | 1863 kWh | 1434 kWh | 428 kWh | £371 | £43 | £413 | £13,519 | 32.7 yrs | £-5,250 |
| 3 kW | 2794 kWh | 2151 kWh | 643 kWh | £556 | £64 | £620 | £15,554 | 25.1 yrs | £-3,149 |
| 4 kW | 3725 kWh | 2869 kWh | 857 kWh | £741 | £86 | £827 | £17,588 | 21.3 yrs | £-1,049 |
| 5 kW | 4657 kWh | 3586 kWh | 1071 kWh | £927 | £107 | £1,034 | £19,623 | 19.0 yrs | £1,051 |
| 6 kW | 5588 kWh | 4303 kWh | 1285 kWh | £1,112 | £129 | £1,240 | £21,657 | 17.5 yrs | £3,151 |
| 7 kW | 6520 kWh | 5020 kWh | 1500 kWh | £1,297 | £150 | £1,447 | £23,692 | 16.4 yrs | £5,251 |
| 8 kW | 7451 kWh | 5737 kWh | 1714 kWh | £1,483 | £171 | £1,654 | £25,726 | 15.6 yrs | £7,351 |
Assumptions: south-facing, sensible tilt; self-use shares from site rules; export at 10p baseline. Costs: panels £/kW = 2,035, battery £/kWh = 700.
Figures are illustrative and use the same method as the calculator above. For exact results, adjust your roof direction, tariff, and usage in the calculator.